The cranberries are a group of evergreen dwarf shrubs in the genus Vaccinium subgenus Oxycoccus, or in some treatments, in the distinct genus Oxycoccus. They are found in acidic bogs throughout the cooler parts of the Northern Hemisphere.
Cranberries are low, creeping shrubs up to 10 cm tall (often less), with slender, wiry stems, not thickly woody, and small evergreen leaves. The flowers are dark pink, with very distinct reflexed petals, leaving the style and stamens fully exposed and pointing forward. The fruit is a true berry that is larger than the leaves of the plant; it is initially white, but turns a deep red when fully ripe. It is edible, with an acidic taste that can overwhelm its sweetness.
There are three to four species of cranberry, classified in two sections:

Bandolier: Cranberry Juice Reduces Bacteriuria and Pyuria - Study in elderly women suggests that cranberry juice is effective against infections. July 1994.
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Bio-Vita: Cranberry May Inhibit Respiratory Bacteria, Too - Cranberry juice and extract may inhibit strains of Haemophilus influenzae, a type of bacteria that is a common cause of ear and respiratory infections in children.
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Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and Urinary Tract Infection - Describes project to support basic and clinical research on the role of cranberry in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections. Includes overview of what is currently known about use, efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action. From the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Cranberry May Offer Protection Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria - Study of cranberry juice and bacteria, with public health implications. Beneficial effect against urinary tract infections may start within two hours. June 19, 2002.
Meta Description: [ Fewer Infections may mean less antibiotic therapy
Public health officials concerned about the rising problem of antibiotic resistance ¾ the immunity that bacteria develop to common prescriptions ¾ may have an ally in a common household beverage. Finding ]
Health Research: The Cranberry Institute - Information about the health benefits of cranberries, including effects on the urinary tract as well as other areas of the body. Provided by an industry-supported organization.
Meta Description: [ The phytonutrients contained in cranberries have the potential to combat various diseases. Read about the newest groundbreaking research on cancer, cardiovascular health, anti-aging, and more. ]
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