In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body.In toxicology, "exposition" may often be a more appropriate term, however "administration" can be used for deliberate substance use.

Obviously, a substance must be transported from the site of entry to the part of the body where its action is desired to take place (even if this only means penetration through the stratum corneum into the skin). However, using the body's transport mechanisms for this purpose can be far from trivial. The pharmacokinetic properties of a drug (that is, those related to processes of uptake, distribution, and elimination) are critically influenced by the route of administration.

Classification

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Routes of administration can broadly be divided into:

• topical: local effect, substance is applied directly where its action is desired
• enteral: desired effect is systemic (non-local), substance is given via the digestive tract
• parenteral: desired effect is systemic, substance is given by other routes than the digestive tract

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