Diabetes mellitus is a medical disorder characterized by persistent variable hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels), resulting either from inadequate secretion of the hormone insulin, an inadequate response by the body's cells to insulin, or a combination of these factors.
The most common forms of diabetes are type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes. Type 1 (10% of cases) is due to destruction of the islets of Langerhans, which produce insulin; it can only be treated with insulin injections. In type 2 (90% of cases) the main problem is decreased sensitivity of the body's cells to insulin, known as insulin resistance, although insulin production is often affected in the later stages; as well as diet and exercise, treatment usually is with tablets, or eventually with insulin injections. Gestational diabetes may develop during pregnancy and is similar to type 2 in its mechanism; it may affect fetal health and 40% of women with gestational diabetes develop type 2 diabetes later on in life.
Since the discovery of insulin (1921) diabetes has been a treatable but chronic condition, and the main risks to health are its characteristic long-term complications. These include cardiovascular disease (doubled risk), chronic renal failure (it is the main cause for dialysis in developed world adults), retinal damage which can lead to blindness and is the most significant cause of adult blindness in the non-elderly in the developed world, nerve damage, erectile dysfunction (impotence), to gangrene with risk of amputation of toes, feet, and even legs.
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BBC News: Fat busting drug helping diabetics - BBC News reports on European Association for the Study of Diabetes report on efficacy of treating overweight people with diabetes with Xenical.
Meta Description: [ Treating overweight diabetics with the drug Xenical can control their condition, say scientists. ]
diabetes and insulin - This site gives complete information on diabetes and insulin. Insulin enables
the body's cells to take glucose from the bloodstream. The cells might use
glucose for production of energy.
Diabetes Monitor - Summarizes rationale of Roche's application to acquire indication for Xenical as adjunct therapy for people with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetics Benefit from Xenical - Study shows improved blood sugar control and lipid profiles among people with type II diabetes (1998).
Orlistat in type 2 diabetes - Roche reports that in Xenical study of people with type 2 diabetes, improvements in glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors were observed, and the need for insulin and oral diabetes medications reduced. (24 May 2002)
Xenical in Diabetes Care - Study results of 1-year program treating obese people with type 2 diabetes with orlistat.
Xenical new treatment indication - Roche site profiles application to USFDA for Xenical as an adjunct to other antidiabetic treatments in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes. (21 March 2001)
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