Sodium nitroprusside is a potent peripheral vasodilator which affects both arterioles and venules.
Indications
It reduces both total peripheral resistance as well as venous return, thus decreasing both preload and afterload. For this reason, it can be used in severe cardiogenic heart failure where this combination of effects can act to increase cardiac output. In situations where cardiac output is normal; the effect is to reduce blood pressure.
Nitroprusside is light-sensitive, and breaks down in sunlight, producing cyanide.
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[ Sodium nitroprusside ]