| Nicotine | |
|---|---|
| Chemical name | (S)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrroli- dinyl)pyridine |
| Chemical formula | C10H14N2 |
| Molecular mass | 162.23 g/mol |
| Density | 1.01 g/ml |
| Melting point | -79 °C |
| Boiling point | 247 °C (decomposes) |
| Autoignition temperature | 240 °C |
| Flash Point | 95 °C |
| Vapour Pressure | 0.006 kPa at 25 °C |
| Viscosity | 2.7 mPa·s at 25 °C 1.6 mPa·s at 50 °C |
| Surface Tension | 37.5 dynes/cm at 25.5 °C 37.0 dynes/cm at 36.0 °C |
| CAS number | 54-11-5 |
| SMILES | **2(N(C)CCC2)c1cccnc1 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Chemical infobox | |
Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants (Solanaceae), predominantly in tobacco, and in lower quantities in tomato, potato, eggplant (aubergine), and green pepper. Nicotine alkaloids are also found in the leaves of the coca plant. Nicotine constitutes 0.3 to 5% of the tobacco plant by dry weight, with biosynthesis taking place in the roots, and accumulates in the leaves. It is a potent nerve poison and is included in many insecticides.
In lower concentrations, the substance is a stimulant and is one of the main factors responsible for the dependence-forming properties of tobacco smoking. Although pure nicotine is noncarcinogenic, its presence may inhibit the natural ability of the body to get rid of cells with significant genetic damage before they turn cancerous. .
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