Etanercept is a recombinant human soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) receptor. It is is a small protein, with a molecular weight of 75 kDa (p75), that binds to TNFα and decreases its role in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. It is co-marketed by Amgen and Wyeth under the trade name Enbrel.

Development

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Etanercept was developed by researchers at biotechnology company Immunex, which was subsequently purchased by Amgen. It was released in 1999, soon after the release of infliximab (Remicade) – the first chimeric monoclonal antibody against TNFα to be marketed for clinical use.

Mode of action

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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) is a cytokine produced by monocytes and macrophages, two types of white blood cells. It mediates the immune response by increasing the transport of white blood cells to sites of inflammation. Inhibition of its action by etanercept reduces the inflammatory response which is especially useful for treating autoimmune diseases.

More on [ Etanercept ]

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