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Erythropoietin (IPA pronunciation: , alternative pronunciations: ) or EPO is a glycoprotein hormone that is a cytokine for erythrocyte (red blood cell) precursors in the bone marrow. Also called hematopoietin or hemopoietin. It is produced by the kidney, and is the hormone regulating red blood cell production. Erythropoietin is available as a therapeutic agent produced by recombinant DNA technology in mammalian cell culture. It is used in treating anemia resulting from chronic renal failure or from cancer chemotherapy. Its use is also believed to be common as a blood doping agent in endurance sports such as bicycle racing, triathlons and marathon running.
Discovery and biological role
The existence of a humoral factor regulating red blood cell production was first postulated in 1906 based on transfusion experiments in rabbits. In 1950, the still unidentified erythropoietic factor was found to be stimulated in rats breathing a low-oxygen atmosphere, thus establishing the elements of its biological regulation. In the 1960s its source was identified as the kidneys. Human EPO was first purified from human urine by T. Miyake, C. K. Kung and E. Goldwasser at the University of Chicago in 1977. Limited quantitites of the native human protein were used experimentally to treat patients with anemia.
EPO has now been identified as a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of about 30,000 Daltons. It has a 165 amino acid chain with four oligosaccharide side chains and circulates in the blood plasma at a very low concentration (about 5 pmol/L).
More on [ Erythropoietin ]
Corticosteroids and erythropoietin, yumm!!
HeyyIm_Shanelle (Shanelle Rodriquez) Mon, 16 Jan 2012 18:48:10 -0000
Corticosteroids and erythropoietin, yumm!!
rt @jarretmorrow: Echinacea Alters Erythropoietin Levels? http://t.co/rSvwbaVv #blood_doping http://t.co/Xj3dbf9H
formerfatguyy (greg houseman) Mon, 16 Jan 2012 16:37:38 -0000
rt @jarretmorrow: Echinacea Alters Erythropoietin Levels? http://t.co/rSvwbaVv #blood_doping http://t.co/Xj3dbf9H
rt @jarretmorrow: Echinacea Alters Erythropoietin Levels? http://t.co/zmiJ9jBR #blood_doping
zen2health (Zen2Health) Mon, 16 Jan 2012 16:13:04 -0000
rt @jarretmorrow: Echinacea Alters Erythropoietin Levels? http://t.co/zmiJ9jBR #blood_doping
Erythropoietin and the Nervous System 8211 Ahmet Höke ebook http://t.co/g0WEknDv
sc7ear213v (Ethan Buck) Mon, 16 Jan 2012 12:15:57 -0000
Erythropoietin and the Nervous System 8211 Ahmet Höke ebook http://t.co/g0WEknDv
A Bloody Long Journey: Erythropoietin (Epo) and the Person Who Isolated It: Eugene Goldwasser (1922-2010) was bo... http://t.co/5qxhRyP6
AngelikaReuthe3 (Angelika Reuther) Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:57:48 -0000
A Bloody Long Journey: Erythropoietin (Epo) and the Person Who Isolated It: Eugene Goldwasser (1922-2010) was bo... http://t.co/5qxhRyP6
Irish athlete Martin Fagan tested positive for erythropoietin â EPO - after injecting product bought on internet. #sport #drugs
mairedefaoite33 (Máire de Faoite) Mon, 16 Jan 2012 09:28:23 -0000
Irish athlete Martin Fagan tested positive for erythropoietin – EPO - after injecting product bought on internet. #sport #drugs
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Doping for Gold - Explains why some athletes have used EPO to boost performance and why international athletic bodies have begun banning its use.
DrugDigest: Erythropoietin - Information on dosage, usage, side effects, interactions, and drug comparisons including generics when available. Sold under brand names such as: EPO, Epogen, and Procrit.
Epogen - a.k.a. Erythropoietin - EPO.
Erythropoeitin - Used to treat anemia associated with HIV infection or AZT therapy.(EPO, Epogen, Eprex, Procrit, epoetin alfa)
Procrit ( Erythropoietin ) - Manufacturer's information on this medication intended to increase red blood cell production in the treatment of fatigue and anemia.
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