Anagrelide (Agrylin®/Xagrid®, Shire) is a drug used for the treatment of essential thrombocytosis (ET; essential thrombocythemia). It works by inhibiting the maturation of megakaryocytes into platelets. The exact mechanism of action is unclear, although it is known to be a potent (IC50 = 36nM) inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-III.

Uses

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According to a 2005 Medical Research Council trial, hydroxyurea is superior to anagrelide for the initial management of ET, with a small increase in the number of cases of myelofibrosis.Harrison CN, Campbell PJ, Buck G, Wheatley K, East CL, Bareford D, Wilkins BS, van der Walt JD, Reilly JT, Grigg AP, Revell P, Woodcock BE, Green AR; United Kingdom Medical Research Council Primary Thrombocythemia 1 Study. Hydroxyurea compared with anagrelide in high-risk essential thrombocythemia. N Engl J Med 2005;353:33-45. PMID 16000354.

Side-effects

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Common side-effects are headache, diarrhea, unusual weakness, nausea and dizziness.

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