Acetic acid
General
Systematic name	Acetic acid Ethanoic acid
Other names	Methanecarboxylic acid Acetyl hydroxide (AcOH) Hydrogen acetate (HAc)
Molecular formula	CH3COOH
SMILES	CC(=O)O
Molar mass	60.05 g/mol
Appearance	Colourless liquid or crystals
CAS number	*
Properties
Density and phase	1.049 g/cm3, liquid 1.266 g/cm3, solid
Solubility in water	Fully miscible
In ethanol,acetone In toluene, hexane In carbon disulfide	Fully miscible Fully miscible Pract. insoluble
Melting point	16.7 °C (289.9 K)(62.1 °F)
Boiling point	118.1 °C (391.2 K)(244.6 °F)
Acidity (pKa)	4.76
Viscosity	1.22 mPa·s at 25 °C
Dipole moment	1.74 D (gas)
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Corrosive (C)
NFPA 704
Flash point	43 °C
R-phrases	,
S-phrases	, , ,
U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL)	10 ppm
Supplementary data page
Structure & properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related carboxylic acids	Formic acid Propionic acid Butyric acid
Related compounds	Acetamide Ethyl acetate Acetyl chloride Acetic anhydride Acetonitrile Acetaldehyde Ethanol
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Chemical infobox

Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is an organic chemical compound best recognized for giving vinegar its sour taste and pungent smell. Pure water-free acetic acid (glacial acetic acid) is a colourless hygroscopic liquid and freezes below 16.7 °C (62 °F) to a colourless crystalline solid. Acetic acid is corrosive, and its vapour is irritating to eyes and nose, although it is a weak acid based on its ability to dissociate in aqueous solutions.

Acetic acid is one of the simplest carboxylic acids. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical that is used in the production of polyethylene terephthalate mainly in soft drink bottles; cellulose acetate, mainly for photographic film; and polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, as well as many synthetic fibres and fabrics. In households diluted acetic acid is often used in descaling agents. In the food industry acetic acid is used under the food additive code E260 as an acidity regulator.

The global demand of acetic acid is around 6.5 million tonnes per year (Mt/a), of which approximately 1.5 Mt/a is met by recycling; the remainder is manufactured from petrochemical feedstocks or from biological sources.

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