| Acetic acid
|
| General
|
| Systematic name
| Acetic acid Ethanoic acid
|
| Other names
| Methanecarboxylic acid Acetyl hydroxide (AcOH) Hydrogen acetate (HAc)
|
| Molecular formula
| CH3COOH
|
| SMILES
| CC(=O)O
|
| Molar mass
| 60.05 g/mol
|
| Appearance
| Colourless liquid or crystals
|
| CAS number
| *
|
| Properties
|
| Density and phase
| 1.049 g/cm3, liquid 1.266 g/cm3, solid
|
| Solubility in water
| Fully miscible
|
In ethanol,acetone In toluene, hexane In carbon disulfide
| Fully miscible Fully miscible Pract. insoluble
|
| Melting point
| 16.7 °C (289.9 K)(62.1 °F)
|
| Boiling point
| 118.1 °C (391.2 K)(244.6 °F)
|
| Acidity (pKa)
| 4.76
|
| Viscosity
| 1.22 mPa·s at 25 °C
|
| Dipole moment
| 1.74 D (gas)
|
| Hazards
|
| MSDS
| External MSDS
|
| EU classification
| Corrosive (C)
|
| NFPA 704
|
|
| Flash point
| 43 °C
|
| R-phrases
| ,
|
| S-phrases
| , , ,
|
U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL)
| 10 ppm
|
| Supplementary data page
|
Structure & properties
| n, εr, etc.
|
Thermodynamic data
| Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
|
| Spectral data
| UV, IR, NMR, MS
|
| Related compounds
|
Related carboxylic acids
| Formic acid Propionic acid Butyric acid
|
| Related compounds
| Acetamide Ethyl acetate Acetyl chloride Acetic anhydride Acetonitrile Acetaldehyde Ethanol
|
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Chemical infobox
|
Acetic acid, also known as
ethanoic acid, is an
organic chemical compound best recognized for giving
vinegar its sour taste and pungent smell. Pure
water-free acetic acid (
glacial acetic acid) is a colourless
hygroscopic liquid and freezes below 16.7
°C (62
°F) to a colourless
crystalline
solid. Acetic
acid is
corrosive, and its vapour is irritating to eyes and nose, although it is a
weak acid based on its ability to
dissociate in
aqueous solutions.
Acetic acid is one of the simplest carboxylic acids. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical that is used in the production of polyethylene terephthalate mainly in soft drink bottles; cellulose acetate, mainly for photographic film; and polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, as well as many synthetic fibres and fabrics. In households diluted acetic acid is often used in descaling agents. In the food industry acetic acid is used under the food additive code E260 as an acidity regulator.
The global demand of acetic acid is around 6.5 million tonnes per year (Mt/a), of which approximately 1.5 Mt/a is met by recycling; the remainder is manufactured from petrochemical feedstocks or from biological sources.
More on
[ Acetic acid ]
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