Gourt > Health > Mental Health > Disorders > Child and Adolescent > Mental Retardation (2)
Mental retardation (also called mental handicapMental Handicap from PatientPlus, Comprehensive, free, up-to-date health information as provided by GPs to patients during consultations. Retrieved 28 June 2006. and, as defined by the UK Mental Health Act 1983, mental impairment and severe mental impairmentScope and Definitions from Nigel Turner's HyperGUIDE to the Mental Health Act. Retrieved 28 June 2006.) is a term for a pattern of persistently slow learning of basic motor and language skills ("milestones") during childhood, and a significantly below-normal global intellectual capacity as an adult. One common criterion for diagnosis of mental retardation is a tested intelligence quotient (IQ) of 70 or below.
People with mental retardation are people who are usually described as having developmental disabilities.
Alternate terms
The term ''"mental retardation" has gradually acquired pejorative and shameful connotations over the last few decades and is now used almost exclusively in technical or scientific contexts where exactness is necessary.
- In North America the broad term developmental delay has become an increasingly preferred synonym by many parents and caregivers. Elsewhere, however, developmental delay is generally used to imply that appropriate intervention will improve or completely eliminate the condition, allowing for "catching up." Importantly, this term carries the emotionally powerful idea that the individual's current difficulties are likely to be temporary.
- Developmental disability is preferred by most physicians, but can also refer to any other physical or psychiatric delay, such as delayed puberty.
- Both the phrases intellectual disability and learning disability are increasingly being used as a synonym for people with significantly below-average IQ.MENCAP: Website of the UKs leading learning disability charity. Retrieved 28 June 2006 These terms are sometimes used as a means of separating general intellectual limitations from specific, limited deficits as well as indicating that it is not an emotional or psychological disability. Intellectual disability is also used to describe the outcome of traumatic brain injury or lead poisoning or dementing conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. It is not specific to congenital conditions like Down syndrome.
Mentally Challenged :: Disabled
FDA Warning on Stop-Smoking Drugs
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Sad Dads May Lead to Crying Infants
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Wed, 01 Jul 2009 00:00:00 -0700
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Psychology Today
July 4th: Meaningful Holiday or Excuse to Drink?
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Heavy drinking during the summertime.
Being and Nothingness
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There are two kinds of vacations--doing something and doing nothing.
Natural Element: The Extended Vacation
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How to hang on to paradise.
PsycPORT.com
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Fri, 03 Jul 2009 10:06:51 -0500
July 03, 2009 BEIJING, Jul 3, 2009 (UPI via COMTEX) -- A bystander feels more empathy for someone in pain when that person is in the same social group, researchers in China said.
New PTSD program answers need for comprehensive treatment
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TV ads make children choose more junk foods
Wed, 01 Jul 2009 10:06:51 -0500
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American Association on Mental Retardation - Promotes global development and dissemination of progressive policies, research, effective practices, and universal human rights for people with intellectual disabilities.
Meta Description: [ This site details the work on local, state and regional chapters of AAMR and the national and international divisions and SIGs. ]
Arc of Chester County - Empowering individuals with mental retardation and other developmental disabilities and their families.
Meta Description: [ The Arc of Chester County's Web Site. Here you can find information about programs and services for people with developmental disabilities in Chester County, PA. ]
Best Buddies International, Inc. - Enhances the lives of people with mental retardation by providing opportunities for socialization and employment. Site describes programs and gives contact information.
Meta Description: [ Best Buddies is dedicated to enhancing the lives of people with intellectual disabilities by providing opportunities for one-to-one friendships and integrated employment. ]
Children Who Are Mentally Retarded - From the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, this defines what mental retardation means and how children are thriving in our communities today.
Meta Description: [ The term mental retardation is often misunderstood and seen as derogatory. Some think that retardation is diagnosed only on the basis of below- normal intelligence (IQ), and that retarded persons are unable to learn or to care for themselves. ]
Death Penalty and Mental Retardation in the U.S.A. - Since the U.S. death penalty was reinstated in 1976, at least thirty-five people with MR have been executed in the United States. They cannot understand fully what they did wrong. Many cannot even comprehend the punishment that awaits them.
Down Home Ranch - Working farm and ranch for those with mental handicaps.
Greene County Board of Mental Retardation - A description of the programs and services available through the Greene County, Ohio, Board of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities
Help Foundation - Serves children and adults with mental retardation and developmental disabilities in northeast Ohio - care, education, and housing.
Meta Description: [ HELP Foundation serves children and adults with mental retardation and
developmental disabilities in northeast Ohio by providing quality care,
education and safe accessible housing. ]
International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities (IASSID) - An international and interdisciplinary scientific organization to promote worldwide research and exchange of information on intellectual disabilities (mental retardation and related developmental disabilities) .
Meta Description: [ International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities ]
International Order of Alhambra - A fraternal order of Catholic men dedicated to assisting persons developmentally disabled by mental retardation.
Meta Description: [ A Fraternal Order of Catholic Men dedicated to assisting persons developmentally disabled by mental retardation. ]
It's OK to Be Different - Highlights some of the ways students with multiple disabilities and mental retardation are taught. Includes informational links to some of the conditions the students in this class possess.
Meta Description: [ Highlights some of the ways students with multiple disabilities are taught. Includes links to some of the conditions the students in this class possess. ]
Jablonski's Multiple Congenital Anomaly/Mental Retardation Syndromes - Database of structured descriptions of congenital abnormalities associated with mental retardation.
Medlineplus - Mental retardation - Summary and links to information on causes.
Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews - Journal information, table of contents, and online order form.
Mental Retardation and Psychiatry - Links to articles from psychiatric journals.
Mental Retardation Fact Sheet - Definition, teaching tips, and contact information from the National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities.
Mental Retardation: A Symptom and a Syndrome - Full text of a paper published in the Comprehensive Textbook of Child and Adolescent Disorders
National Association of QMRPs (NAQ) - Resource for research, networking, and addressing issues that concern Qualified Mental Retardation Professionals (also known as Case Managers).
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President's Committee on Mental Retardation - The PCMR acts in an advisory capacity to the President and the Secretary of Health and Human Services on matters relating to programs and services for persons with mental retardation.
Meta Description: [ The President's Committee for People with Intellectual Disabilities home page. ]
Psychiatric Assessment of the Person With Mental Retardation - Full text of a paper published in the Psychiatric Annals 27:3/March 1997.
The Family Village - Cognitive Disability / Mental Retardation - Directory of contact information for organizations and links to information.
The Merck Manual -- Mental Retardation - Causes, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, with links to related disorders.
UVa Special Education: Resources on Mental Retardation - Definition with links to resources.
Meta Description: [ curry school of education, university of virginia ]
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