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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000238&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=3ce6a03207a9e4dfa752206ee40bf0f7">
<title>Contents</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000238&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=3ce6a03207a9e4dfa752206ee40bf0f7</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages vii-x[No author name available] ]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430900024X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=2f8313dee70e2372923d72a826ffb2e3">
<title>Forthcoming Issues</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430900024X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=2f8313dee70e2372923d72a826ffb2e3</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Page xii[No author name available] ]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000160&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=e8c4ca4d49521ebc3fb5135aaf3e0411">
<title>Preface</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000160&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=e8c4ca4d49521ebc3fb5135aaf3e0411</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages xiii-xivMihir M., Desai]]></description>
</item>

<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000135&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=8f571cc737de4adf49d76e155a188364">
<title>Image-Fusion, Augmented Reality, and Predictive Surgical Navigation</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000135&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=8f571cc737de4adf49d76e155a188364</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 115-123Osamu, Ukimura ,  Inderbir S., Gill]]></description>
</item>

<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000081&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=b527e91bc06c3eedefa316c894ffa1cd">
<title>Molecular Imaging in Urologic Surgery</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000081&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=b527e91bc06c3eedefa316c894ffa1cd</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 125-132Michael S., Gee ,  Mukesh G., Harisinghani ,  Shahin, Tabatabaei]]></description>
</item>

<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000093&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=1f631a6ae7201ceeef74083a7ef3116c">
<title>Advances in Ultrasound Technology in Oncologic Urology</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000093&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=1f631a6ae7201ceeef74083a7ef3116c</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 133-145Stavros, Gravas ,  Charalampos, Mamoulakis ,  Jorge, Rioja ,  Vassilios, Tzortzis ,  Theodor, de Reijke , ...]]></description>
</item>

<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000159&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=afe02185c23d4347c66dbbd220e4cc2b">
<title>Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000159&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=afe02185c23d4347c66dbbd220e4cc2b</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 147-155Wesley M., White ,  Georges-Pascal, Haber ,  Mark J., Doerr ,  Matthew, GettmanThis article presents a fair and balanced review of natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery. The article chronicles the history and technical aspects of natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery with particular emphasis on its application in urology. It is hoped that this article serves as a straightforward and pragmatic reference for practicing and academic urologists.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000020&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=02646181f044019bc1f3b740ace61e16">
<title>Flexible Robotics</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000020&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=02646181f044019bc1f3b740ace61e16</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 157-162Monish, Aron ,  Mihir M., Desai]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000044&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=0f1797c29c9b5045c6c7cb5c45bb5398">
<title>Ablative Technologies for Urologic Cancers</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000044&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=0f1797c29c9b5045c6c7cb5c45bb5398</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 163-178Gino J., Vricella ,  Lee E., Ponsky ,  Jeffrey A., Cadeddu]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430900010X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=43e393ae72e7446274373207704bbdb0">
<title>Nanotechnology in&#xA0;Urology</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430900010X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=43e393ae72e7446274373207704bbdb0</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 179-188Shihua, Jin ,  Vinod, Labhasetwar]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000056&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=3c597fa963e27f4001e6c192dbc61154">
<title>Advances in Laser Technology in Urology</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000056&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=3c597fa963e27f4001e6c192dbc61154</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 189-198Jason, Lee ,  Troy R.J., Gianduzzo]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000068&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=716d3a1fd8ed0407421f76f069476d20">
<title>Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering in Urology</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000068&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=716d3a1fd8ed0407421f76f069476d20</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 199-209Anthony, Atala]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430900007X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=70e8bac4b067803f9ec29a00e15ca446">
<title>Intraoperative Tissue Characterization and Imaging</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430900007X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=70e8bac4b067803f9ec29a00e15ca446</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 213-221Sijo, Parekattil ,  Lawrence L., Yeung ,  Li-Ming, Su]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000123&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=843f2e1a8b43c9fef31916e885c93571">
<title>Laparoendoscopic Single Site Surgery in Urology</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000123&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=843f2e1a8b43c9fef31916e885c93571</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 223-235Brian H., Irwin ,  Pradeep P., Rao ,  Robert J., Stein ,  Mihir M., Desai]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000111&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=1056aba3e97d1c2657f7c436ce5dd5ff">
<title>Technological Advances in Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000111&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=1056aba3e97d1c2657f7c436ce5dd5ff</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 237-249Gerald Y., Tan ,  Raj K., Goel ,  Jihad H., Kaouk ,  Ashutosh K., Tewari]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000147&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=7c79900daa773fd571348a560da928e3">
<title>Miniature In Vivo Robotics and Novel Robotic Surgical Platforms</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000147&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=7c79900daa773fd571348a560da928e3</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 251-263Bhavin C., Shah ,  Shelby L., Buettner ,  Amy C., Lehman ,  Shane M., Farritor ,  Dmitry, Oleynikov]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000032&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=e89053345f4f5658902b64189d3039dd">
<title>Advances in Bioadhesives, Tissue Sealants, and Hemostatic Agents</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000032&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=e89053345f4f5658902b64189d3039dd</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 265-275Jeffery C., Wheat ,  J. Stuart, Wolf Jr.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000251&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=89d3bcefc866991abea27aa755b30f43">
<title>Index</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014309000251&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=89d3bcefc866991abea27aa755b30f43</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2009, Pages 277-283[No author name available] ]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001316&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=108efc3c1e019e1ae90b80b48ace72e1">
<title>Contents</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001316&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=108efc3c1e019e1ae90b80b48ace72e1</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages v-vii[No author name available] ]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001328&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=5b49df5b8bc09a49063b4c87cdaa48e6">
<title>Forthcoming Issues</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001328&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=5b49df5b8bc09a49063b4c87cdaa48e6</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Page x[No author name available] ]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001183&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=e51531727b559a1d98cc9d5ee6e1e278">
<title>Preface</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001183&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=e51531727b559a1d98cc9d5ee6e1e278</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Page xiKevin R., Loughlin]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001195&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=8edcd466038d17aaa700b56ac27ebfdf">
<title>Dedication</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001195&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=8edcd466038d17aaa700b56ac27ebfdf</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Page xiiiKevin R., Loughlin]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800092X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=a488c83b158a31df1d5797ea51c268ea">
<title>The Evolution of Health Care in America</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800092X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=a488c83b158a31df1d5797ea51c268ea</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 1-10Michael J., Zinner ,  Kevin R., LoughlinThe evolution of health care in America had its beginnings even before the founding of the nation. This article divides the evolution of American health care into six historical periods: (1) the charitable era, (2) the origins of medical education era, (3) the insurance era, (4) the government era, (5) the managed care era, and (6) the consumerism era.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000931&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=0d5530629c9064097b8af9a2aa882d0a">
<title>The Demographic Burden of Urologic Diseases in America</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000931&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=0d5530629c9064097b8af9a2aa882d0a</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 11-27David C., Miller ,  Christopher S., Saigal ,  Mark S., LitwinThe National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases initiated the Urologic Diseases in America project in 2001 with the goal of quantifying the immense demographic burden of urologic diseases on the American public, in both human and financial terms. This effort was renewed in 2007 with the aim of expanding and deepening analyses of the epidemiology, costs, and quality of medical care in urology. This ongoing commitment recognizes the major public health impact of urologic conditions in the United States. A thoughtful policy response to these changes requires a thorough understanding of the health care resource use and...]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800102X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=88e22f6b257049e6a0485fde2d4750fe">
<title>Fixing Health Care Before It Fixes Us</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800102X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=88e22f6b257049e6a0485fde2d4750fe</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 29-36Laurence J., KotlikoffThe current American health care system is beyond repair. The problems of the health care system are delineated in this discussion. The current health care system needs to be replaced in its entirety with a new system that provides every American with first-rate, first-tier medicine and that doesn't drive our nation broke. The author describes a 10-point Medical Security System, which he proposes will address the problems of the current health care system.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000943&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=3139f06a4c65b99fcbc944e134ef6391">
<title>Performance Measurement, Public Reporting, and Pay-for-Performance</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000943&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=3139f06a4c65b99fcbc944e134ef6391</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 37-48Kim F., Rhoads ,  Badrinath M., Konety ,  R. Adams, DudleyThe use of incentives to improve quality of care is spreading rapidly across the health care system. Public reporting (PR) and pay-for-performance (PFP) are two examples of incentive-based programs. Although conclusive level I evidence for the positive impacts of these PR and PFP is limited, individual states and the federal government have begun to adopt and pilot these programs for a variety of specific clinical conditions. This article reviews the principles of health care quality performance measurement; current reporting and pay-for-performance programs; and the most recent literature documenting positive, negative and future impacts of these types of programs on urologic...]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001018&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=e5ea35b36c106f153403caa90aa20420">
<title>American Health Care at the Crossroads</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001018&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=e5ea35b36c106f153403caa90aa20420</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 49-55Newt, Gingrich ,  David, MerrittThe United States is in desperate need of health care reform. What has been brought to the table so far, however, has been insufficient. This article outlines a comprehensive change to health care delivery in the United States. If implemented, the author proposes that Americans will be healthier; more Americans will have health care; and costs can be greatly reduced.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000906&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=2057b6f2a43941963515f7e66ba43f4c">
<title>US Health Care: Single-Payer or Market Reform</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000906&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=2057b6f2a43941963515f7e66ba43f4c</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 57-62David U., Himmelstein ,  Steffie, WoolhandlerThe authors advocate a fundamental change in health care financing—national health insurance (NHI). NHI would reorient the way we pay for care, bringing the hundreds of billions now squandered on malignant bureaucracy back to the bedside. NHI could restore the physician-patient relationship, offer patients a free choice of physicians and hospitals, and free physicians from the hassles of insurance paperwork.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001171&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=ba6ea22267a2e1c3ecac8a45a6a1a8a6">
<title>The American Medical Association Stake in the Future of US Health Care: The American Medical Association Plan for Reform of the US Health Care System</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001171&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=ba6ea22267a2e1c3ecac8a45a6a1a8a6</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 63-71William G., Plested IIIThis article discusses the need for health care reform. The American Medical Association has devised a plan that would allow all Americans to obtain health care coverage. This article discusses that plan and advocates for physicians and patients to demand meaningful health care reform from lawmakers.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000888&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=da3b328c79e9f9035bd141cddafcffaa">
<title>Residency Training: Where Do We Go from Here</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000888&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=da3b328c79e9f9035bd141cddafcffaa</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 73-77Robert R., BahnsonResidency training in urologic surgery should change to an educational experience driven by outcomes instead of process. The needs analysis for curriculum modification has been completed and defines the competencies (enduring skills) of the complete physician. The challenge now rests with organizational leaders of urology to design programs that ensure the acquisition of these characteristics and conserve time and economic resources.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000967&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=a208c8accac9a0fdc03420c9e024ff7a">
<title>Certification, Recertification, and Maintenance: Continuing to Learn</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000967&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=a208c8accac9a0fdc03420c9e024ff7a</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 79-83Linda M., Dairiki ShortliffeThe process of certification, recertification, and maintenance of certification is mandated by the American Board of Urology as a member Board of the American Board of Medical Specialties. The history of maintenance of certification parallels that of private regulation of medical schools and postgraduate medical education (residency) and other nonmedical areas in which public trust is involved. Current trends in information technology that allow data gathering that measure medical practice and recognition of failure mandate that urologists practice with current knowledge. This will be documented in the maintenance of certification process.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800089X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=267a1530ef28011dbb80dc41b720797d">
<title>The Sad and Bleak Future for Urology Funding at the National Institutes of Health</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800089X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=267a1530ef28011dbb80dc41b720797d</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 85-93Lars M., Ellison ,  Carl A., OlssonThe bulk of federal funding for medical research is delivered through the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Because federal funding is coordinated through the annual discretionary budget review process, the budget for NIH varies from year to year. Small changes in the rate of funding growth lead to significant problems for individual researchers and their supporting institutions. There is no single metric that serves as a surrogate to predict the appropriations process. This article begins with a history and physical examination of NIH. Next, the authors review the internal NIH priorities that continue to drive the funding process. Finally, the...]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000955&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=980f19d20627582da9a672f5f3f3093f">
<title>Supergroups and Economies of Scale</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000955&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=980f19d20627582da9a672f5f3f3093f</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 95-100Steven, SchlossbergWith the changing environment for medical practice, physician practice models will continue to evolve. These “supergoups'' create economies of scale, but their advantage is not only in the traditional economic sense. Practices with enough size are able to better meet the challenges of medical practice with increasing regulatory demands, explosion of clinical knowledge, quality and information technology initiatives, and an increasingly tight labor market. Smaller practices can adapt some of these strategies selectively. Depending on the topic, smaller practices should think differently about how to approach the challenges of practice.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000918&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=b0e2c28cd760ef703c952e6a9ca83557">
<title>Medical Malpractice: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000918&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=b0e2c28cd760ef703c952e6a9ca83557</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 101-110Kevin R., LoughlinThe underpinning of medical practice has always been patient care and patient safety. The past several decades, however, have seen an erosion of the patient-doctor relationship. A number of factors have contributed to the ongoing medical malpractice crisis that continues in the United States. There are three social goals of malpractice litigation: to deter unsafe practices, to compensate persons injured through negligence, and to exact corrective justice. This article examines how well the current system achieves these goals.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800133X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=9c4c55919f15f0ce64cabbc43b55204d">
<title>Index</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800133X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=9c4c55919f15f0ce64cabbc43b55204d</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2009Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 111-114[No author name available] ]]></description>
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<title>Contents</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001092&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=f16a4b9c52d14dcaad0d935459787088</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages v-ix[No author name available] ]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001109&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=51031e88b4ae10d301a5b36153737e16">
<title>Forthcoming Issues</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308001109&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=51031e88b4ae10d301a5b36153737e16</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Page xii[No author name available] ]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000736&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=ea56781ed5de37a89fee71a04ca80ab1">
<title>Preface</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000736&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=ea56781ed5de37a89fee71a04ca80ab1</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages xiii-xviiPaul, Russo]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000876&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=ce9a83f50c8345b00e612a5cba447b37">
<title>Dedication</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000876&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=ce9a83f50c8345b00e612a5cba447b37</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Page xixPaul, Russo]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000645&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=807c82bd933845265eb2c2b5045b3936">
<title>Surgical Management of Renal Tumors: A Historical Perspective</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000645&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=807c82bd933845265eb2c2b5045b3936</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 543-549Harry W., HerrThe modern era of renal surgery began on August 2, 1869 when the first planned nephrectomy on a living human being was performed. Eighteen years later in 1887, the first partial nephrectomy to remove a renal tumor was performed. Both total and partial nephrectomy have become the hallmark surgical procedures used today to treat renal tumors, and their conception and evolution represent two of the most important advances in medicine and surgery. Surgery for kidney cancer continues to evolve. This article traces the history of surgical management for renal tumors.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000621&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=dcdfb3d3711f327930089baa70f52141">
<title>Pathologic Features of Renal Cortical Tumors</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000621&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=dcdfb3d3711f327930089baa70f52141</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 551-561Satish K., Tickoo ,  Anuradha, GopalanOur better understanding of the morphologic spectrum of renal cortical tumors has resulted in a clinically more relevant classification of these tumor types. We now recognize that “granular cell” and “sarcomatoid” renal cell carcinoma are only nonspecific descriptors, and that such features are seen in a variety of types of renal tumors. The authors believe that the recently gained knowledge about molecular-driven antigen expression will play an important role in the characterization, development, and evaluation of targeted therapies in kidney cancer in the coming years.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000712&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=d7d3ed12728f52175f768687a87a590f">
<title>Familial and Hereditary Renal Cancer Syndromes</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000712&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=d7d3ed12728f52175f768687a87a590f</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 563-572Jonathan A., ColemanHereditary and familial forms of kidney cancer are encountered routinely in urologic practice. Discoveries in the genetic and molecular biology of these diseases have had a critical impact on the understanding of kidney cancer pathogenesis in nearly all subtypes of renal cortical neoplasms and their clinical features. Developing knowledge in the field has helped formulate new diagnostic and molecular therapeutic strategies for patients who have kidney cancer. This article aims to familiarize the reader with the current understanding of identified syndromes, their biology, and approaches to treatment.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000682&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=06010508b73c5fefb96e5acf919d9881">
<title>Molecular Biology of Renal Cortical Tumors</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000682&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=06010508b73c5fefb96e5acf919d9881</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 573-580Tobias, Klatte ,  Allan J., PantuckThe last 10 years have witnessed a dramatic evolution in our understanding of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) biology, which has led to the development of novel medical therapies and revolutionized the approach to their clinical management. This review considers the genetic basis of RCC and the molecular mechanisms of the hypoxia-induced pathway, the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. All these molecular pathways are involved in RCC biology, tumorigenesis, and progression, and serve as the source of new rational treatment strategies based on the design of small molecule inhibitors directed against their...]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800058X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=45edb7959ae402203dd0da367f9d7502">
<title>Epidemiology, Clinical Staging, and Presentation of Renal Cell Carcinoma</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800058X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=45edb7959ae402203dd0da367f9d7502</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 581-592G. Joel, DeCastro ,  James M., McKiernanThe increasing incidence of renal cell carcinoma over the past 2 decades can be partly explained by the expanding use of abdominal imaging. As a result, the most incident renal cancers today are small, localized, and asymptomatic. However, the well-documented rise in all stages of RCC calls into question the nature of these asymptomatic lesions. The expected “screening effect” of detecting RCC when it is small and localized, with subsequent decreases in disease-specific mortality, has not been observed. Disease-specific mortality is actually rising, especially in African American patients. Effective interventions aimed at reducing obesity, hypertension, and smoking may help in...]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000694&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=49c799d02558a65352a7b00849cd2c84">
<title>Contemporary Radiologic Imaging of Renal Cortical Tumors</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000694&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=49c799d02558a65352a7b00849cd2c84</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 593-604Ariadne M., Bach ,  Jingbo, ZhangContemporary radiologic imaging has resulted in an increasing number of smaller renal cortical tumors being identified. The ability of imaging to classify these tumors is limited, although certain features may help classify the renal cortical neoplasm. The important role of radiologic imaging in tumor detection, characterization, staging, and follow-up of patients who have renal cortical tumors is reviewed in this article.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000724&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=bed9086466c1616cdbf5ad40db35bcd3">
<title>Molecular Imaging of Renal Cell Carcinoma</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000724&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=bed9086466c1616cdbf5ad40db35bcd3</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 605-611Rodolfo, Perini ,  Daniel, Pryma ,  Chaitanya, DivgiThe recent identification of agents that have significantly influenced the therapy of clear cell renal carcinoma and the decreasing size of renal masses, usually detected serendipitously, have led to a resurgence in imaging for this condition. Although structural methods continue to be used routinely for identification of renal masses, functional and molecular techniques are showing considerable promise in their ability to characterize unique features of the renal cancer phenotype. This article discusses the evolving role of molecular imaging in the evaluation of renal cancer, including current and future applications.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000608&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=56f9920b4f7a9828ea11a81a7258ab76">
<title>Prognostic Models and Algorithms in Renal Cell Carcinoma</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000608&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=56f9920b4f7a9828ea11a81a7258ab76</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 613-625Brian R., Lane ,  Michael W., KattanAlthough surgical treatment is curative for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 25% of patients present with locally advanced or disseminated disease, and disease will recur systemically in another 20% to 30% of those who have localized disease at presentation. Many clinical, histologic, and molecular factors have been identified that place patients who have localized RCC at greater risk for recurrence and those who have metastatic disease at risk for progression or death. This article reviews the major prognostic factors for RCC and the most commonly used algorithms developed for use before or after nephrectomy and before initiation of systemic therapy....]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000591&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=59c701152e85c14e84797385dced9609">
<title>Renal Tumor Natural History: the Rationale and Role for Active Surveillance</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000591&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=59c701152e85c14e84797385dced9609</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 627-634Michael A.S., Jewett ,  Alvaro, ZunigaRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy of the kidney. Despite widespread treatment at diagnosis, overall mortality rates associated with RCC have not decreased. Partly because of the more frequent use of abdominal imaging, diagnosis as an incidental finding has increased. The largest increase in incidence is in tumors smaller than 4 cm, termed small renal masses (SRMs). SRMs that are RCC may frequently be growth slowly and have a low risk of early progression. Initial active surveillance with delayed treatment for progression for selected patients should be considered. This should result in an overall decrease in treatment...]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000669&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=4c13656bc4596021a1e24c826eaa68d5">
<title>The Medical and Oncological Rationale for Partial Nephrectomy for the Treatment of T1 Renal Cortical Tumors</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S0094014308000669&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=4c13656bc4596021a1e24c826eaa68d5</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 635-643Paul, Russo ,  William, HuangThis article presents the oncological and medical rationale for partial nephrectomy as the treatment of choice whenever possible for T1 renal tumors. The value of partial nephrectomy in the management of small renal cortical tumors is gaining wider recognition thanks to (1) enhanced understanding of the biology of renal cortical tumors; (2) better knowledge about tumor size and stage migration to small tumors at the time of presentation; (3) studies indicating the oncologic efficacy of kidney-sparing surgery, and (4) increasing awareness of the wide prevalence of chronic kidney disease. The overzealous use of radical nephrectomy for small renal tumors must...]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800061X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=54001cbd2599eaedff674e9ab0315af8">
<title>Choice of Operation for Clinically Localized Renal Tumor</title>
<link>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&#x26;_origin=IRSSCONTENT&#x26;_method=citationSearch&#x26;_piikey=S009401430800061X&#x26;_version=1&#x26;md5=54001cbd2599eaedff674e9ab0315af8</link>
<description><![CDATA[Publication year: 2008Source: Urologic Clinics of North America, Volume 35, Issue 4, November 2008, Pages 645-655Carvell T., Nguyen ,  Steven C., Campbell ,  Andrew C., NovickThe cornerstone of treatment for localized renal tumors is surgical excision, which until recently was accomplished primarily through radical nephrectomy. The last 2 decades have seen a rapid evolution in the surgical management of renal cell carcinoma, marked by the increased use of nephron-sparing surgery and the application of minimally invasive techniques. A plethora of surgical options now are available. This article discusses the optimal surgical approach to renal tumors in various clinical scenarios. In all these discussions we assume that a proactive approach to treatment is indicated and desired, recognizing that active surveillance is always an additional option to...]]></description>
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