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Otolaryngology is the branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head & neck disorders. The full name of the specialty is otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Practitioners are called otolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons, or sometimes otorhinolaryngologists (ORL). A somewhat outdated, but nevertheless commonly used, term for this speciality is ENT (ear, nose and throat).
Explanation
Otolaryngologists are medical doctors who complete at least five years of surgical residency training (one year in general surgery, four years in otolaryngology - head and neck surgery). Following residency training, some otolaryngologists elect to complete advanced subspeciality fellowships which are usually one or two years in duration. As with all medical fellowships, acceptance is highly competitive.
More on [ Otolaryngology ]
HHV-6 infection of tonsils and adenoids in children with hypertrophy and upper airway recurrent infections.
Comar M, Grasso D, Dal Molin G, Zocconi E, Campello C Related Articles HHV-6 infection of tonsils and adenoids in children with hypertrophy and upper airway recurrent infections. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Nov 17; Authors: Comar M, Grasso D, Dal Molin G, Zocconi E, Campello C OBJECTIVE: Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6), the agent of a self-limiting exanthematic disease in childhood, persists in a silent state in the secondary lymphoid organs and the reactivation is characterized by HHV-6-induced inflammatory cytokines. This study investigates the possible etiological role of HHV-6 in children affected by tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy. METHODS: 55 tonsils, 80 adenoids fresh tissues and 74 blood samples were collected from 80 children (mean age 4.8 years, 43.5% female) undergoing elective tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy for tissue hypertrophy. Moreover, patients with <5 years old documented upper airway recurrent infections not related to relapsing of acute tonsillitis. Specific IgG antibodies and virus detection (by PCR, variant A/B enzymatic genotyping and real-time PCR) were performed. RESULTS: In our series, HHV-6 seroprevalence was tested at 50%. HHV-6 variant B was the unique strain finding in 25% of adenoids, in 12.7% of tonsils and in 4% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). HHV-6-B was prevalent in tonsils of children affected by upper airway infections (17.8% vs 7.4%) while the adenoids represented the more frequent reservoir (30.7% vs 19.5%) in patients with hypertrophy. HHV-6 viral load was low, ranging from 80 to 600copies/10(6)cells suggesting a latent/persistent phase of infection. CONCLUSION: These results reinforce the role of the secondary lymphoid organs as an important reservoir for HHV-6B. Nevertheless, infection of lymphoid cells, sustained by a low level of replication, could be sufficient to increase the local injury through an autologous mechanism of inflammation. PMID: 19926147 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Some foreign bodies should be removed in the middle of the night.
Dikkers FG, Plaat BE Related Articles Some foreign bodies should be removed in the middle of the night. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Nov 17; Authors: Dikkers FG, Plaat BE PMID: 19926146 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Dysplasia of the cerebellum in Waardenburg syndrome: Outcomes following cochlear implantation.
Kaufmann L, Sauter TB, Lee DJ Related Articles Dysplasia of the cerebellum in Waardenburg syndrome: Outcomes following cochlear implantation. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Nov 17; Authors: Kaufmann L, Sauter TB, Lee DJ This study provides the first description of isolated cerebellar dysplasia associated with Waardenburg syndrome (WS) and includes a review of cochlear implant outcomes in 42 WS patients. A 1-year-old male infant presented with speech delay, iris heterochromia, profound hearing loss, and an asymmetric, underdeveloped right occipital skull on CT imaging. Brain MRI demonstrated a hypoplastic right cerebellum, no hydrocephalus, normal auditory nerves and brainstem. He underwent successful bilateral sequential cochlear implantation. Cochlear implants remain a reasonable habilitative option for WS patients with congenital deafness, including those with cerebellar abnormalities. PMID: 19926145 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Pediatric Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Department - The Department provides care for a large number of children who depend on tracheostomies to be able to breathe.
Meta Description: [ Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Pediatric Otolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery specialists medically or surgically treat the ear, nose, throat and related structures. ]
Dr. Greene.com - Ear Tube Surgery for Ear Infections - Is ear tube surgery necessary? Dr. Greene explains when the use of this temporary, extra eustachian tube should be considered.
Meta Description: [ Is ear tube surgery necessary? Dr. Greene explains when the use of this temporary, extra eustachian tube should be considered. ]
Henry A. Milczuk, MD, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Oregon Health Sciences University - Includes information on pediatric otolaryngology, cleft lip and palate, airway and breathing problems, pediatric ear infections, pediatric sleep problems, and pediatric neck mass. (Portland, Oregon)
Meta Description: [ The Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at OHSU provides complete otolaryngology care for children and adults. ]
Pediatric Otolaryngology - Western Florida practice that is dedicated to the care of children and adolescents with congenital or acquired ear, nose and throat disorders.
Meta Description: [ Western Florida practice exclusively dedicated to the care of congenital or acquired ear, nose and throat disorders in children and adosescents ]
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