California is a U.S. state spanning the southern half of the west coast. With a population of 37 million and an area of 158,402 square miles (410,000 km2), California is the largest U.S. state in population and the third largest in area.
The region was inhabited by Native Americans of Asian origin before European explorers started to make sporadic visitations during the 16th Century. California had the highest density and greatest diversity of indigenous peoples in what is now the United States. Spain colonized the coastal areas of the territory starting in 1769. As a result of the Mexican War of Independence, California became a part of the Mexican Republic in 1821. It was subsequently captured by the United States in the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) which was concluded with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The California Gold Rush of 1848-1849 brought about 90,000 additional U.S. immigrants into the state, and California became the 31st state of the United States in 1850.
Although the state's sunny climate has given it a historic reputation for being laid back compared to the East Coast, the $1.55 trillion (as of 2005) California economy is larger than all but the top 7 national economies in the world * and is responsible for 13% of the United States' $13 trillion gross domestic product (GDP). The state's major predominant industries include agriculture, entertainment, light manufacturing, and tourism. California is also the home of several significant economic regions such as Hollywood (entertainment), the California Central Valley (agriculture), Silicon Valley (computers and high tech), and the Wine Country (wine).
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Physicians and Clinics :: Health

Sports Medical Group - Providing orthopedic care in Ventura, Oxnard, Ojai, Simi Valley, and Thousand Oaks.
Meta Description: [ We at Ventura Orthopaedic & Sports Medical Group are a long established
physician group practice with a rich history of providing exceptional care in a positive environment. ]
Sports Medicine Group - Comprehensive orthopedic practice located in Northern Orange County specializing in arthroscopic surgeries of the knee and shoulder, joint replacement, and hand surgeries. Offices are located in La Habra and Santa Fe Springs.
Meta Description: [ OSSM, a comprehensive orthopedic surgery group specializing in arthroscopy of knee and shoulder, joint reconstruction, and hand surgery. ]
Sports Medicine Group - Providing orthopedic and sports medicine care in Southern California. Located in Torrance.
Meta Description: [ Torrance Orthopaedic & Sports Medicine Group provides orthopedic surgeons, occupational & physical therapists, orthopedics, and knee replacement surgery to Southern California. ]
Albert Doornik, MD - Providing orthopedic care in Salinas, CA.
Albert Swafford, M.D. - Orthopedic surgeon specializing in the treatment of upper extremity disorders and injuries. Located in Bakersfield.
Andrew P. Gutow, M.D. - Orthopedic hand and upper extremity surgeon in Palo Alto. Specializing in the care of fractures, surgery of nerves, tendons, arteries, bones and joints of the arm.
AOS Medical Center - Providing orthopedic and sports medicine care in Glendale.
Meta Description: [ The Arthritis, Orthopedic and Sports (AOS) Medical Center is a full-service private practice specializing in orthopedic surgery, sports medicine, total joint replacement and arthritis treatment., The Arthritis, Orthopedic and Sports (AOS) Medical Center is a full-service private practice speciali... ]
Arthritis Institute Information - Multidisciplinary center offering comprehensive orthopaedic services and contributions to advancing the art and science of bone and joint replacement. Offices located in Inglewood and Los Angeles.
Beach Orthopedic Associates - Specializing in care of orthopedic conditions including pediatric orthopedics, arthroscopic surgery, and developmental and traumatic musculoskeletal disorders. Located in Long Beach.
Bone and Joint Surgeons Medical Group - Located in Burbank, California provides a full range of services including orthopedic care, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention.
C. Thomas Vangsness, Jr., M.D. - Los Angeles surgeon specializing in orthopedic and sports related injuries.
Meta Description: [ Los Angeles Orthopaedic Surgeon Dr. Thomas Vangsness, Jr., M.D., specializing in prevention, and treatment of orthopaedic and sports related injuries. ]
California Orthopaedic Institute - Providing surgical and non-surgical orthopaedic care in San Diego.
Meta Description: [ The California Orthopaedic Institute, San Diego, Orthopedics - California has a tradition of providing exceptional surgical and non-surgical orthopaedic care to the San Diego Community. ]
California Spine Institute - Providing spine care in Newbury Park.
Meta Description: [ California Spine Institute for Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery ]
Center for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine - Providing sports medicine and orthopedic care in Los Angeles.
Meta Description: [ Center for Orthopedic and Sports Excellence in Los Angeles, California. Dr. Jon Greenfield, Dr. Arthur Kreitenberg, Dr. Edward Kim., Sprain, fracture, herniated discs, orthoscopic, muscle disorders, tendonitis, ]
Central Coast Orthopedic Medical Group - Orthopedic surgeons serving the California's Central Coast from Santa Barbara County to San Luis Obispo County. Ofices located in Pismo Beach, San Luis Obispo, and Santa Maria.
Central Coast Sports Medicine - Providing comprehensive orthopedic care in San Luis Obispo.
Meta Description: [ Central Coast Sport Medicine, James W. Lawler MD, S. Austin Yeargan MD, orthopaedic surgery, bone and joint reconstruction, arthroscopic surgery, minimally invasive surgery and arthroscopy specialists. ]
COAST Surgery Center - Coast Surgery Center in San Diego, California, is an outpatient surgery center specializing in orthopedics and pain management.
Meta Description: [ A description Coast Surgery Center in San Diego, CA. ]
Crest Medical Group - Physicians based in Anaheim, California that offer sports medicine, orthopedic surgery, chiropractics and med-legal review.
Meta Description: [ Focus Medical Clinic provides services including, Orthopedic Surgeon, Orthopaedic Surgery, Focus Medical Physicians-Orthopaedic, Rehabilitation Specialists, neck pain, work injuries, massage therapist, massage therapy, chiropractic, acupuncture, sports injuries, low back pain, back pain, whiplast... ]
Denise D. Williamson, M.D. - Orthopedic surgeon located in Santa Monica specializing in knee and shoulder surgery.
Edwin Haronian, MD - Detailed information provided about conservative and surgical treatment for back pain. Offices located in Encino, Pomona, and Sherman Oaks.
Meta Description: [ Offering minimally invasive surgical option to patient suffering from spinal disorders. Detailed information provided on the web site about conservative and surgical treatment to your back pain. ]
eSpine.com - Dr. Robert Pashman, located in Los Angeles, CA, specializes in spinal deformities and scoliosis, offers second opinions to patients considering back surgery.
Meta Description: [ A thorough explanation of the surgical and non-surgical treatment of back pain, neck pain, scoliosis, kyphosis, and spondylolisthesis. ]
H.D. Huddleston, M.D. - Specializing in the surgical and non-surgical treatment of knee and hip arthritis. Located in Van Nuys.
Meta Description: [ Arthritis knee and hip surgical and non-surgical treatment options, total hip and knee replacement, complications of treatment, the implant design materials, and long term care of the artificial joint. ]
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Hand Surgery Consultants - Ross Nathan MD and Gerald Blatt MD, Orthopedic Hand Surgeons, located in Long Beach, California, dedicated to the evaluation and treatment for all disorders of the hand and wrist.
Hanford Orthopedics - Dedicated to providing prompt, courteous, high quality orthopedic care. Located in Hanford and associated with Visalia Medical Clinic Inc.
Meta Description: [ General Orthopedic Surgery Practice In Hanford California.
High Quality & Patient Focused Care ]
Jack Nichols, II, MD - Treating special problems of the musculoskeletal system including the shoulder, elbow, hands, fingers, hip, knee, ankle, and foot. Located in Redding, California.
Kambiz Behzadi, M.D. - An orthopedic surgeon with clinics in Fremont and Pleasanton, with expertise in sports medicine, knee shoulder arthroscopy, and joint replacement.
Meta Description: [ Dr. Kambiz Behzadi provides comprehensive orthopedic care to patients throughout the East Bay (CA),
specializing in sports medicine, arthroscopy, and joint reconstruction. ]
Kevin M. Deitel, M.D. - Spine surgeon practicing at Palomar Medical Center in Escondido, San Diego County, California.
Lesley J. Anderson M.D. - Providing knee and shoulder care in San Francisco, California.
Meta Description: [ We are dedicated to providing the highest quality and scope of care
to our patients. As a solo practice, we are able to individualize each
patient's care with the focus on finding the best solution, be it non-surgical
or surgical for each person's knee or shoul... ]
Loma Linda University Orthopedic Department - Providing comprehensive orthopaedic care. Subspecialties include trauma, spine, hand upper extremity, foot ankle, adult reconstructive surgery, pediatric, and sports medicine. Located in Loma Linda.
Meta Description: [ Loma Linda University Health Care physician's guide - orthopaedic surgery doctors listed by specialty ]
Medical Center for Bone and Joint Disorders - Fully integrated medical facility, designed to provide comprehensive evaluation and treatment of orthopedic conditions. Located in Upland, California.
Memorial Orthopaedic Surgical Group - Providing orthopaedic care in Long Beach, California. Operative and nonoperative management of disorders of the musculoskeletal system: general orthopaedics, sports medicine, joint replacement, spine surgery, and fracture care.
Meta Description: [ Memorial Orthopaedic Surgical Group: High quality orthopaedic care, sports medicine. Located in Long Beach, California. Treatment of the musculoskeletal system, bones and joints. ]
Montri D Wongworawat, M.D. - Specialized in the care of hand and upper extremity issues: industrial injuries, overuse syndromes, congenital problems, and traumatic injuries. Located in San Bernardino.
Mt. Tam Orthopedics - Providing orthopedic and sports medicine care in the San Francisco Bay area with an office located in Greenbrae.
Nelson Spine Institute - A comprehensive, one-stop treatment facility for spinal conditions, covering diagnosis, physical therapy, surgery and rehabilitation. Located in Thousand Oaks, California.
Meta Description: [ The Nelson Spine Institute offers a comprehensive, one-stop treatment
facility for spinal conditions, covering diagnosis, physical therapy,
surgery, and rehabilitation. ]
Nitin N. Bhatia, M.D. - Spine surgeon in Orange County, California. Director of the UC Irvine Spine Center.
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Northern California Spine Institute - Information about this California multidisciplinary spine group and the nonsurgical and surgical treatments offered. Four locations throughout Northern California.
Orthomed Center - Orthopedic surgery group located in Modesto. Specialty interests include sports medicine, joint reconstruction, hand and upper extremity, and trauma.
Meta Description: [ Welcome to Orthomed Center in Modesto, California. We are an orthopedic and sports medicine center. Specialty interests within the group include Sports medicine, Joint reconstruction, Hand and Upper extremity, Trauma including pelvic and acetabular fractures, Joint replacement and Fracture proble... ]
Palomar Orthopaedic Specialists - San Diego county based Orthopaedic surgeons in Escondido specializing in correcting problems associated with bones, joints, muscles, tendons and ligaments.
Meta Description: [ San Diego county based Orthopaedic surgeons in Escondido specializing in correcting problems associated with bones, joints, muscles, tendons and ligaments. ]
Precision Orthopedics - Providing orthopedic and sports medicine care in Salinas, California
Meta Description: [ clinic home - Precision Orthopedics & Sports Medicine ]
Raed M. Ali, M.D. - Orthopedic spinal surgeon providing comprehensive spinal care and surgery. Located in Fullerton, California.
Meta Description: [ St. Jude Medical Center in Fullerton, California. Our mission and the reason we exist is to continually improve the health and quality of life of people in the communities we serve. ]
Richard F. Santore, M.D. - Orthopedic surgeon specializing in periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). Offices located in La Jolla and San Diego.
Robert A. Eppley, M.D. - Providing sports medicine and orthopedic care in Berkeley, California.
Roseville and Davis Orthopedics - Specialists in sports medicine, total joint, work-related injuries, and back and spine treatment. Located in Roseville and Davis.
Sierra Pacific Orthopaedic Center Medical Group - Providing comprehensive musculoskeletal care for the San Joaquin Valley.
Meta Description: [ Sierra Pacific Orthopaedic Center (SPOC) - serving Central California in orthopedic surgery, sports medicine, knee and shoulder surgery, joint replacement, MRI, and physical rehabilitation. ]
South County Orthopedic Specialists - Providing orthopedic care in Laguna Woods.
Meta Description: [ South County Orthopedic Specialists offers the latest treatment options for orthopaedic injuries and disorders. Our experience and research have led to significant advances in orthopaedics and sports medicine. ]
Southern California Center for Sports Medicine - An orthopedic surgery group located in Long Beach with expertise in athletic injuries, sports medicine, and arthroscopy.
Meta Description: [ Southern Califonia Center for Sports Medicine: Sports Medicine/Orthopaedic Surgery Group Located in Southern California (Long Beach). Treatment of the musculoskeletal system, bones and joints. ]
Spine Care Medical Group - A group of physicians, in San Francisco, from different specialties who together provide specialized care for back and neck pain.
Meta Description: [ SpineCare is a large group of physicians from different specialties who together provide specialized care for back and neck pain. We only treat spine problems, so our physicians are very specialized and experienced. ]
Stuart C. Zeman, M.D. - Providing sports medicine and orthopedic care in Lafayette.
Meta Description: [ Dr. Zeman treats patients of all ages and can give you a second opinion or discuss the best approach to such things as sprained ankles, injured knees, shin splints, shoulder dislocations, back pain, exercise, accidents, or other topics of interest via the web! ]
The Gordon Hand Clinic - A practice specializing in hand and upper-extremity surgery and microsurgery. Principal physician is Leonard Gordon, M.D. Facilities in San Francisco and Petaluma.
Meta Description: [ The Gordon Hand Clinic is an outstanding hand-surgery and microsurgery practice having facilities located in San Francisco and Petaluma, California. Its highly esteemed principal physician, Leonard Gordon, M.D., is also a teaching physician who regularly gives lectures at the University of Calif... ]
The Hand Center of San Francisco - Providing a full-spectrum of hand and wrist surgery, microsurgery, and reconstructive surgery. Industrial injuries, and congenital problems in both adults and children are treated.
Meta Description: [ A full-spectrum regional surgical practice dedicated to providing hand surgical, microsurgical, and reconstructive surgical services. ]
The Spine Institute - A team of orthopedic surgeons, rehabilitation specialists, exercise therapists, and pain experts offering surgical and non-surgical treatment for the back and neck. Located in Santa Monica.
Meta Description: [ The Spine Institute is Devoted exclusively to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the spine. ]
The Stone Clinic - Multi-disciplinary team of health professionals providing orthopedic and sports medicine care. Located in San Francisco.
Meta Description: [ Avoiding knee replacement for knee injury or arthritis; articles, links, and research on advanced medical treatment information from The StoneClinic, San Francisco California orthopaedic surgeons to the U.S. Ski Team, Smuin Ballet, and the US Olympic Training Center. ]
Tri-Valley Orthopedic Specialists, Inc. - Providing comprehensive orthopedic and sports medicine care in Pleasanton, San Ramon, Livermore and Tracy. Includes details of services, physician profiles, and patient information.
Meta Description: [ Orthopedic surgery and sports medicine in Pleasanton, San Ramon, Livermore and Tracy, treating hand,
wrist, shoulder, hip, knee, foot and ankle, sports injury, work injury ]
Wayne Cheng, M.D. - Orthopedic spine surgeon at Loma Linda University Medical Center specializing in minimally invasive as well as complex reconstructive spine surgery of the neck and back.
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