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Clinical Director of Spinal Cord Rehabilitation, Southern Metro, SEC University Town,#5178 :: Alabama :: Timeline Recruiting

Welcome to classic southern charm and hospitality. This vibrant, beautiful city is nestled in the rolling foothills of the Appalachian Mountains and serves up nationally recognized dining, shopping

Northern CA's Sierra Foothills near Sonora an hour from Sacramento :: California :: California Physician Opportunities

MT-1017 Gold-rush town made famous by the immortal Mark Twain, Historic downtown, modern conveniences in a rural mountain atmosphere. Enjoy a plethora of outdoor activities from Golf

Texas facility seeks Physical Medicine and Rehab (PMR) coverage :: Texas :: Weatherby Locums

Job 9553821-0018 Established hospital owned clinic seeks long term PMR physician for immediate start. No invasive procedures. Excellent opportunity for permanent placement. Inpatient only. Wonderful

Physical Medicine & Rehab coverage needed in South Carolina. :: South Carolina :: Weatherby Locums

Job 9557029-0006 Multi-specialty group is looking for locum tenens coverage for a PMR physician to help one day per week, through the end of the year. Practice implements pain management to their patients.

Outpatient clinic in Alabama seeks PMR locums coverage :: Alabama :: Weatherby Locums

Job 9606136-0001 Outpatient clinic seeks Physical Medicine and Rehab physician. Mostly pain management - all non-interventional. Some regular Primary Care walk ins. Coverage needed on Wednesday and

Physical Medicine and Rehab need in Kentucky :: Kentucky :: Weatherby Locums

Job 9577673-0005 Solo practice in KY is looking for a PMR physician to provide coverage as soon as possible. Locums physician will work Monday through Friday 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., with no weekends or call.

Texas facility seeks PMR coverage :: Texas :: Weatherby Locums

Job 9611347-0001 Established, state of the art clinic seeks locums Physical Medicine and Rehab physician to provide coverage for one to two months. Ideal candidate will have plenty of availability.

Indiana University Community :: Indiana :: Medical Search Consultants

This is an excellent opportunity for a BE/BC PM&R physician to join two others in a very busy practice setting as an expansion to the group. The primary responsibility for this new member will be to

On the Shores of Lake Erie :: Pennsylvania :: Boone-Scaturro Associates, Inc

Pain Management Opportunity ~ On the Gorgeous Shores of Lake Erie ~ Established in 1991, this premier pain practice is seeking a BE/BC Anesthesiologist or Physiatrist with fellowship training in

30 Minutes from Raleigh :: North Carolina :: Enterprise Medical Service

Excellent new PMR opportunity is now available in North Carolina, located within 30 miles of Raleigh. Client will consider both general and pain/spine trained candidates. Group practice opportunity

Coastal Carolina :: South Carolina :: Sunbelt Management Associates

This 5-man neurosurgery group is seeking a Board Certified or Board Eligible Physical Medicine and Rehab doctor for collaborative office-based practice, focused on physiatry and rehab, no procedures,

Not Disclosed :: Massachusetts :: Locum Medical Group

A facility south of Boston, Massachusetts is seeking a permanent, part-time (20 hours) Psychiatrist. Ideal candidates will have completed their training in Psychiatry and hold an active and unrestricted

Peterborough :: New Hampshire :: New England Physician Recruitment Center

South Central NH Orthopedic group is seeking to add an Interventional focused PM&R physician to join their 3 physician practice. Located onsite at Monadnock Community Hospital. Private orthopaedic practice

New London :: Connecticut :: New England Physician Recruitment Center

Physiatrist PMRSouthern Connecticut Reason for current opening: expanding practice, succession planning Physicians in practice 2 full time, 2 part-time Qualifications: Residency or fellow graduate

Middletown :: New York :: New England Physician Recruitment Center

Interventional Physiatry -Middletown region NewYork- about 1 hour to NYC- join group expanding their services and have recently moved into another modern office building....group is a premier physician

Middletown :: New York :: New England Physician Recruitment Center

PMR to join oneinterested in Pain. TOP Salaries and Incentives- New Yorks finest group e top money-interviewing early We are looking for PMR to join oneinterested in Pain. Would you have an interest

Southeast :: Kansas :: Rural Health Education & Services

Physiatrist for 190-bed hospital providing full service general acute care including CT, ER, home health, hospice, ICU, MRI, nuclear medicine, ultrasound, OB, OT, PT, speech and language therapy, Orthopedic

Nashville :: Tennessee :: HCA HealthCare

Nashville-based Orthopaedic Surgeon is seeking to add PM&R Physician with fellowship training in Interventional Spine and Musculoskeletal Medicine. This well-established surgeon has experienced tremendous

Manalatan :: New Jersey :: New England Physician Recruitment Center

Northern NJ 1 Hour to NYC Non-Interventional Opportunity - $250k Base+ Multiple specialty practice centrally located in Northern NJ and easily accessible to both NYC and the Jersey Coast is seeking a

Rochester :: New York :: Nationwide Physician Recruitment

BE/BC Pain Management Physician who utilizes a multidisciplinary approach to patient care including diagnostic and therapeutic injections; treatment of muscular/skeletal systems and management of pain

Effect of Warm-Supplementing Kidney Yang (WSKY) added to risperidone on quality of life in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life, efficacy and safety of Warm-Supplementing Kidney Yang (WSKY) added to risperidone in patients with schizophrenia.Design: A randomized controlled trial.Setting: The outpatient and inpatient departments of three hospitals.Subjects: One hundred and twenty patients with clinically diagnosed schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms were included in the study.Intervention: All 120 patients were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with WSKY group (n = 60) or placebo group (n = 60) added to risperidone for eight weeks.Main measure: The efficacy measures included the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-100), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Social Disability Screening Schedule and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Safety and tolerability were assessed throughout the trial.Results: The scores of quality of life in the WSKY group showed statistically significant improvement at the end-point of treatment compared with those in the placebo group (WSKY, increasing 40.5 (29.4); placebo, increasing 14.4 (27.1); F =24.900, P<0.001), while the scores of social function and depression symptoms also showed statistically significant improvement. The response rates for the WHOQOL-100 total scores were 50.0% for the WSKY group versus 31.7% for placebo group ( 2 = 4.172, P=0.041). There were no significant differences in the safety/tolerability measures between the WSKY group and the placebo group during treatment.Conclusions: The results suggest that WSKY added to risperidone significantly improved the quality of life, social function, depression symptom compared with placebo added to risperidone.

Effectiveness of a video-based exercise programme to reduce falls and improve health-related quality of life among older adults discharged from hospital: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Objective: Falls, loss of health-related quality of life and physical capacity, reduced participation in activities of daily living, and increased fear of falling are all potential outcomes for older adults discharged from hospital. A low-cost video based exercise programme may address this.Design: This study was a randomized controlled trial with blinded outcomes assessment and a six-month follow-up.Subjects and setting: Participants were older adults (>65 years) using a mobility aid discharged from a tertiary hospital in Brisbane, Australia, without referral for community-based rehabilitation services.Intervention: A digital video disk-based programme encompassing six exercise types each with six levels of difficulty. A home visit from a project physiotherapist was conducted to ensure patient safety. Control group patients received usual care.Main measures: Falls, health-related quality of life, participation in activities of daily living, physical capacity and fear of falling.Results: Study participants (n = 53, 19 intervention, 34 control) experienced decreasing health-related quality of life, several falls (72), and lower levels of participation in activities of daily living over the six-month follow-up. The intervention group did not differ significantly from the control group in terms of the outcomes examined, though a non-significant reduction in the rate of falls was observed. Intervention group participants complied with the exercise programme well during the first two weeks following discharge from hospital but then reduced their compliance levels thereafter.Conclusions: The intervention may be beneficial for reducing the rate of falls in this patient population though further research with a larger sample size is indicated.

Long-term myocardial adaptations after cardiac rehabilitation in heart failure: a randomized six-year evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging

Objective: To assess exercise capacity and left ventricular function using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among patients with chronic heart failure randomized to a residential rehabilitation programme at baseline and six years after participation.Design: Randomized controlled study.Setting: Residential cardiac rehabilitation centre and community hospital. Intervention: One month of intensive exercise and risk reduction therapy including educational sessions, a low-fat diet, and 2 hours of individually prescribed exercise daily. Control subjects received usual care. Subjects were evaluated at baseline, after completing the one-month residential programme and six years later.Subjects: From an original study group of 50, 16 patients (8 exercise, 8 controls) with chronic heart failure were alive and available for evaluation after six years.Main measures: Cardiopulmonary exercise test responses and ventricular size and function using MRI.Results: Peak Vo2 was 20.0 and 12.4% higher after the rehabilitation programme and six years later, respectively, whereas minimal changes were observed among controls. Left ventricular mass and volumes tended to decrease among subjects in the exercise group, whereas left ventricular mass and volumes tended to increase among control subjects after six years. Ejection fraction increased approximately 20% in both groups.Conclusion: Six years after participation in a concentrated residential rehabilitation programme, exercise capacity was preserved and no significant changes were observed in ventricular size or function. These findings provide further support for exercise rehabilitation in chronic heart failure.

Effects of Nordic Walking training on exercise capacity and fitness in men participating in early, short-term inpatient cardiac rehabilitation after an acute coronary syndrome -- a controlled trial

Objective: To investigate the effects of Nordic Walking training supplemental to a standard, early rehabilitation programme on exercise capacity and physical fitness in men after an acute coronary syndrome.Design: A controlled trial.Setting: Cardiac rehabilitation service of a provincial hospital.Subjects: Eighty men 2—3 weeks after an acute coronary syndrome, with good exercise tolerance.Interventions: Three-week, inpatient cardiac rehabilitation programme (control group) supplemented with Nordic Walking (Nordic Walking group), or with traditional walking training (walking training group).Main measures: Exercise capacity was assessed as peak energy cost (in metabolic equivalents) in symptom-limited treadmill exercise test, and physical fitness with the Fullerton Functional Fitness Test.Results: Exercise capacity after the rehabilitation programme was higher in the Nordic Walking group than in the control group (10.8 ± 1.8 versus 9.2 ± 2.2 metabolic equivalents, P =0.025). The improvement in exercise capacity in the Nordic Walking group was higher than in the control group (1.8 ± 1.5 versus 0.7 ± 1.4 metabolic equivalents, P =0.002). In contrast to the control group, the results of all components of the Fullerton test improved in the Nordic Walking and walking training groups. After the programme, lower body endurance, and dynamic balance were significantly better in the Nordic Walking group in comparison with the walking training and control groups, and upper body endurance was significantly better in the Nordic Walking and walking training groups than in the control group.Conclusions: Nordic Walking may improve exercise capacity, lower body endurance and coordination of movements in patients with good exercise tolerance participating in early, short-term rehabilitation after an acute coronary syndrome.

Promoting the use of outcome measures by an educational programme for physiotherapists in stroke rehabilitation: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Objective: To determine the influence of tutor expertise on the uptake of a physiotherapists’ educational programme intended to promote the use of outcome measures in the management of patients with stroke.Design: Pilot randomized controlled trial.Methods: Thirty physiotherapists involved in stroke management were randomized into two groups and participated in five tutor-guided educational sessions (the Physiotherapists’ Educational Programme on Clinimetrics in Stroke, PEPCiS). Groups differed from each other with respect to tutors: one experienced and one inexperienced in stroke care. Primary outcome was ‘actual use’ (the frequencies of data of seven recommended outcome measures in the patient records of the participating physiotherapists).Results: The actual use of instruments shifted from a median of 3 to 6 in the expert tutor group and from 3 to 4 in the non-expert tutor group (P = 0.07). Physiotherapists educated by the expert tutor used a broader variety of instruments and appreciated the educational programme, their own knowledge gain and all three scales of tutor style aspects significantly more than their colleagues of the non-expert tutor group (all P<0.05). Univariate analysis on the entire set of data revealed eight factors, including tutors’ performance, that were associated with a change score of the use of two or more outcome measures by individual physiotherapists after the educational programme.Conclusion: In this pilot trial it was not proven that tutor expertise in stroke care influences the actual use of outcome measures, but it warrants a future study with sufficient power to investigate the influence of the tutor.

The psychometric properties and clinical utility of measures of walking and mobility in neurological conditions: a systematic review

Objective: To identify psychometrically robust and clinically feasible measures of walking and mobility in people with neurological conditionsData sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro and AMED.Review methods: Independent reviewers selected and extracted data from articles that assessed the reliability, validity, sensitivity to change or clinical utility of measures of walking and mobility in adult neurological conditions. Measures with ‘good’ psychometrics and 9/10 clinical utility scores were recommended.Results: Seventeen measures were selected. Of these, the 5-m and 10-m walk tests, six-minute walk test, High Level Mobility Assessment Tool (HiMAT) and the Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI) reached the required standards and are usable in clinical practice. None of the recommended measures assessed wheelchair mobility. The least frequently assessed property was sensitivity to change. Further measures could be recommended if the minimal detectable change were demonstrated.Conclusion: The 5-m, 10-m and six-minute walk test, High Level Mobility Assessment Tool and the Rivermead Mobility Index are psychometrically robust measures of walking and mobility and are feasible for use in clinical practice.

Measurement structure of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain

Objective: To examine the factorial structure of the Chinese translation of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain.Setting: Outpatient physiotherapy department in a local hospital and a local rehabilitation clinic.Participants: One hundred and twenty patients with chronic pain in physiotherapy treatment.Methods: Each participant was asked to complete the Chinese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, visual analogue scale (VAS), modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The test structure of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis. Highly correlated paths were added onto the initial structure for improving the final construct for the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. The correlations between the Chinese Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and related measurements were computed using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the one-factor model provided the best fit between the model and data, with the chi-square of the respecified model computed to be 36.79 (33, N = 120), the goodness-of-fit index 0.940, cumulative fit index 0.996, and the root mean square error of approximation 0.031. The item-total correlations ranged from 0.70 to 0.85. Cronbach’s alpha of the Chinese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was computed to be 0.94. The total scores also correlated significantly with the modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and six subscales of SF-36.Conclusion: A single-factor model confirmed the unidimensionality of the Chinese version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain. It demonstrated good internal consistency reliability and construct-related validity.

A prospective study of positive adjustment to lower limb amputation

Objective: To examine prospectively the influence of demographic, amputation and psychosocial variables on positive psychological adjustment outcomes for lower limb amputees.Design: A quantitative questionnaire study with two time points: at the beginning of rehabilitation and at six-month follow-up. Multiple regression analyses were used to determine the contribution of demographic/amputation factors versus psychosocial factors to adjustment outcomes.Setting: A regional outpatient specialist mobility and rehabilitation centre in the UK.Subjects: Participants were recruited as a consecutive sample of new referrals with lower limb amputation.Main measures: Age, gender, level and cause of amputation were recorded. The following measures were used: Hope Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Trinity Amputation and Prosthetic Experiences Scale (TAPES) pain subscale initially and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and full TAPES at six-month follow up. The measures were administered by two specialist nurses.Results: Ninety-nine patients provided data at both time points. Hope at the beginning of rehabilitation was related to positive mood (P<0.001) and hope and social support were related to general adjustment (P<0.01, P<0.001) at follow-up. Demographic and amputation factors were not related to psychological adjustment outcomes in this study.Conclusions: The findings demonstrate prospectively the importance of psychosocial variables in the prediction of positive adjustment to lower limb amputation.

What do acute stroke physiotherapists do to treat postural control and mobility? An exploration of the content of therapy in the UK

Objective: To investigate the content of acute stroke physiotherapy to treat postural control and mobility problems.Design: Stroke physiotherapists recorded the interventions used to treat postural control and mobility during treatment sessions. They recorded five sessions for at least five patients each. Descriptive statistics assessed the frequency with which the interventions were used.Setting: Hospital-based acute stroke care.Subjects: Thirty-six acute stroke physiotherapists recorded 2374 interventions in 364 treatment sessions for 76 patients.Main measures: The Stroke Physiotherapy Intervention Recording Tool.Results: Facilitation techniques were the most frequently used interventions (n = 1258, 53%) with exercise (n = 115, 5%), teaching others how to help the patient (n = 99, 4%) and provision of equipment (n = 63, 3%) the least frequently used.Conclusions: Acute stroke physiotherapists primarily use therapist-led ‘hands-on’ interventions to treat postural control and mobility problems. Interventions to promote activity or practice outside the treatment session are infrequently used.

Pain and hip lateral rotator muscle strength contribute to functional status in females with patellofemoral pain

Background and Purpose. Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common musculoskeletal pain condition, especially in females. Decreased hip muscle strength has been implicated as a contributing factor, yet the relationships between pain, hip muscle strength and function are not known. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that pain and hip muscle strength explain unique portions of variance in the functional status of females with PFP. Methods. An observational, cohort study was conducted. The subjects for this study were twenty-one females with PFP (age: 26 ± 7 years; height: 163 ± 4 cm; and body mass: 62 ± 10 kg). Subjects had a minimum pain duration of two months (mean pain duration: 4.9 ± 3.6 years). The main measures were pain during a unilateral squat, measured with a visual analogue scale; isometric muscle force of gluteus medius, gluteus maximus and hip lateral rotators; and Kujala score (self-report measure of function). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed with Kujala score as the dependent variable. Pain and hip lateral rotator muscle strength were independent variables, entered in that order. Other strength measures were not correlated with the Kujala score, and as such, were not used in the analysis. Results. Pain explained 22% of the variance in the Kujala score (p = 0.03). Hip lateral rotator strength explained an additional 14% of the variance, after accounting for pain level (p = 0.06). Conclusions. Pain and hip lateral rotator strength contributed to the functional status of females with PFP. Improving pain and hip lateral rotator muscle strength may improve function in females with this common pain condition. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Validation of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for obstructive pulmonary diseases from the perspective of physiotherapists

Background and Purpose. The 'Comprehensive ICF Core Set for obstructive pulmonary diseases' (OPD) is an application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and represents the typical spectrum of problems in functioning of patients with OPD. To optimize a multidisciplinary and patient-oriented approach in pulmonary rehabilitation, in which physiotherapy plays an important role, the ICF offers a standardized language and understanding of functioning. For it to be a useful tool for physiotherapists in rehabilitation of patients with OPD, the objective of this study was to validate this Comprehensive ICF Core Set for OPD from the perspective of physiotherapists. Method. A three-round survey based on the Delphi technique of physiotherapists who are experienced in the treatment of OPD asked about the problems, resources and aspects of environment of patients with OPD that physiotherapists treat in clinical practice (physiotherapy intervention categories). Responses were linked to the ICF and compared with the existing Comprehensive ICF Core Set for OPD. Results. Fifty-one physiotherapists from 18 countries named 904 single terms that were linked to 124 ICF categories, 9 personal factors and 16 'not classified' concepts. The identified ICF categories were mainly third-level categories compared with mainly second-level categories of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for OPD. Seventy of the ICF categories, all personal factors and 15 'not classified' concepts gained more than 75% agreement among the physiotherapists. Of these ICF categories, 55 (78.5%) were covered by the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for OPD. Conclusion. The validity of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for OPD was largely supported by the physiotherapists. Nevertheless, ICF categories that were not covered, personal factors and not classified terms offer opportunities towards the final ICF Core Set for OPD and further research to strengthen physiotherapists' perspective in pulmonary rehabilitation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Types of article published in physiotherapy journals: a quantitative analysis

Background and Purpose. The aim of this study was to quantify and assess the types of research and review articles published in physiotherapy professional journals with international circulations. Method. Selected articles from nine physiotherapy journals in a period of five years were classified according to their study design. Results. A total number of 1627 articles were included in this study of which 205 (12.60%) were randomized controlled trial (RCT). Articles published with the highest frequency were 'observational/descriptive studies' (n = 305, 18.75%), whereas 'meta-analyses' were the rarest ones (n = 21, 1.29%). Many articles were validation studies (n = 216, 13.28%) and articles classified as 'others' (n = 217, 13.34%). High heterogeneity was found in terms of distribution over years and journals with an improvement of the number of RCTs among years. Conclusion. The distribution of different types of article in physiotherapy journals is similar to other disciplines. The improvement of RCTs represents an important move in the right direction for evidence-based physiotherapy research. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Workplace aggression and violence: moving forward together

No Abstract

Using a partnership between academic faculty and a physical therapist liaison to develop a framework for an evidence-based journal club: a discussion

Evidence-based practice (EBP) in rehabilitation is increasingly recognized as important. Despite the importance of EBP, physical therapists' knowledge of EBP varies. Journal clubs have been used to educate clinicians about EBP. This discussion paper describes the partnership between academic faculty members and a physical therapist at a community hospital, and the process used to develop a framework to implement an evidence-based journal club. The partnership blended the expertise of academic faculty members and a physical therapist with knowledge of EBP who served as the liaison between members of the partnership team and the clinicians at the community hospital. The three-step framework developed enabled the clinicians to learn about critical appraisal, participate in guided practice of critical appraisal with the liaison, and lead critical appraisal of a paper with the assistance of the liaison as needed. This process could be easily replicated by other partnerships between academic faculty members and clinicians. Developing partnerships like the one described enables academicians to provide service to the profession, may enhance physical therapists' knowledge of the principles of EBP and may encourage EBP. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Reproducibility and validity of digital inclinometry for measuring cervical range of motion in normal subjects

Background and Purpose. Measurements of cervical range of motion (CROM) have been extensively reported in the past decade employing simple (goniometers) as well as sophisticated (electro-, magneto- and ultrasonography-based) systems. The recent introduction of the simple, user-friendly and relatively cheap digital inclinometer (DI) has opened a potentially new venue for measurement of this segment's motion. The purpose of the present study was to assess intra-tester reproducibility of DI-based findings as well as its validity in comparison to the ultrasonography-based Zebris CMS 70P (Zebris Medizintechnik GmbhTM, Isny, Germany) for measuring CROM in normal subjects. Methods. Active CROM of healthy women (n = 15) and men (n = 15) aged 24.2(2.4) years was measured on two sessions, Test 1 and Test 2, spread over 7.2(±0.7) days apart. On Test 1, the six primary movements of the neck (flexion, F; extension, E; right and left lateral flexion, RLF and LLF; and right and left rotations, RR and LR) were measured using the DI and the Zebris. On Test 2, the same measurements were performed using the DI only. All measurements were conducted by the same tester, with the subject in the seated position. The only exception was DI measurement of cervical rotation that was performed in the supine position due to the DI gravity-dependence, rendering DI measurements in the transverse plane irrelevant. Results. No significant differences were revealed between the two instruments with respect to the sagittal and frontal planes, whereas the DI-based CROM in rotation was significantly greater then its Zebris-based counterpart. The inter-device interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for the frontal were 0.72 (RLF) and 0.62 (LLF), and 0.77 (F) and 0.83 (E). Poor correlations were indicated for the rotations. The intra-tester reproducibility derived from the test-retest DI measurement indicated good to excellent reproducibility in all planes with ICCs ranging from 0.82 (LLF) to 0.94 (E). The Standard Error of Measurement ranged from 1.6° (RR) to 2.6° (F). Conclusion. DI-based CROM measurements are reproducible and valid for recording sagittal and frontal plane motions in healthy subjects. The higher range in rotations, relative to the Zebris-based findings, is most probably attributable to the test position. Being relatively cheap, portable and convenient for tester and subject alike, the DI seems to be an effective instrument for assessing CROM. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Complementary and alternative medicine inclusion in physical therapist education in the United States

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the current prevalence, and at what level, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) content is included in physical therapist (PT) education in the United States. This survey study provides self-report data regarding reasons why faculty members choose to include or not include CAM into programme content. Background/Significance. This study investigates the current prevalence of CAM content, and what level of inclusion (minimal, moderate, advanced) in PT curricula will assist programmes as they modify existing curricula and develop new programmes. Subjects. All 196 US-accredited programmes were included in our survey. Materials and Methods. An IRB-approved (Investigational Review Board), pilot-tested, two-page survey was emailed to all programme chairpersons of accredited PT programmes. A hard copy survey was mailed to non-responding programmes. Analyses. Returned surveys were analyzed descriptively to characterize the data shape, tendency and variability. Data were summarized in a frequency distribution and graphically depicted in a histogram for each category. In addition, qualitative analysis was completed for the explanatory data. Results. Forty-seven per cent (92) of all accredited PT programmes (196) responded. Most commonly included CAM areas were: manipulative and body-based methods, alternative medical systems and biologically based therapies. Most frequent responses to limitations to including CAM in PT curriculum were: limited curriculum time, lack of evidence supporting CAM practices and trouble locating qualified CAM presenters. Conclusions. This survey suggests the following: CAM techniques are included in entry-level PT education in the United States; the majority of these techniques are offered at the minimum or exposure level; manipulative and body-based methods, alternative medical systems and biologically based therapies are the most frequently included CAM techniques. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Prevalence, risk factors and preventive strategies in work-related musculoskeletal disorders among Israeli physical therapists

Background and Purpose. Although physical therapists (PTs) have extensive knowledge of body mechanisms and injury prevention, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMD) are quite common in this population. The purposes of this study were: to determine the prevalence and impact of WRMD among Israeli PTs; to investigate WRMD risk factors and to identify preventive strategies used by PTs; and to compare the risk of injuries in two professional settings: rehabilitation centres (RCs) and outpatient clinics (OPCs). Method. A validated, modified Cromie questionnaire, translated into Hebrew, was distributed to the PTs at their workplaces. The relationship between WRMD symptoms and professional settings was analysed by Pearson chi-square. The risk models were developed by logistic regression. One hundred and twelve PTs working in OPCs and RCs who defined themselves as healthy individuals were the subjects of this study. Results. Lifetime prevalence of WRMD was 83%. The highest prevalence of WRMD was in the lower back area (80%). Rehabilitation treatment was associated with an increased risk of lower back (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05) and shoulder symptoms (OR = 1.04); manual treatment was associated with an increased risk of wrist/thumb symptoms (OR = 1.11). Discussion. Work in RCs was associated with an increased prevalence of lower back/shoulder symptoms, whereas work in OPCs was associated with an increased prevalence of thumb/wrist symptoms. PT's used different strategies to reduce risk of WRMD, including altering practice technique. The respondents recommended administrative and ergonomic changes in the workplace. Conclusion. Workplace-specific interventions to reduce WRMD in PTs should be developed and tested in future studies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

TENS and FES for sensory impairment and gait dysfunction following removal of spinal cord ependymoma - a case report

Background. Sensory deficits are commonly reported following the resection of spinal cord tumours. The use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as augmented sensory input is described in the research literature but rarely in the clinical literature. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is used for people with motor impairments rather than sensory impairments. Method and results. This case report describes the use of TENS and FES for a patient with severe sensory loss and mild weakness in the right leg following the removal of an intramedullary spinal cord tumour. The patient was able to walk more quickly and more confidently when using TENS and FES in combination. She consistently reported greater benefits from TENS alone compared to FES alone and continued to use TENS delivered via a sock electrode at six months after surgery. Conclusion. The use of TENS as a sensory stimulus was an invaluable component of this patient's treatment, allowing her to engage in a more challenging balance and gait programme at an earlier stage in her rehabilitation. Combining FES with TENS was also useful and allowed treatment to address motor and sensory impairments concurrently during functional activity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The perceptions of Athenian physiotherapists on the referral service in Greece and its impact on professional autonomy

Background and Purpose. The attainment of professional autonomy is considered a priority of any profession. The development of autonomy in physiotherapy has differed among countries, with some achieving a high degree of autonomy while others have struggled. The current literature reveals little about the autonomy of physiotherapists in Greece, although it would appear they face both external and internal threats to autonomous practice and to the development of their profession. This exploratory study investigated Athenian physiotherapists' experiences of the referral system in Greece and its impact on professional autonomy. Methods. A qualitative, phenomenological approach was chosen, using a cluster sampling method. Ten physiotherapists participated in a 30-minute, one-to-one, semi-structured interview. The interview audio tapes were transcribed and an inductive analysis was carried out. When all transcripts had been coded, categories and themes were compared to record commonalities and differences to construct a hierarchy of essential themes expressing general views. Results. Physiotherapists were frustrated by the physiotherapy referral system in Greece. They revealed that their practice was restricted by factors, which included a long-standing dominance by the medical profession, bureaucratic process and the public perception of the profession in addition to restrictions from within the profession itself. To overcome the perceived restrictions to practice and the development of autonomy, participants had adopted strategies in an attempt to effectively address the patients' needs. Conclusions. There are clear issues related to the management and delivery of the physiotherapy referral system in Greece which impact on professional autonomy. Physiotherapists are forced to manipulate the referral system to provide a more appropriate level of care, resulting, however, in an inequitable service across the physiotherapy provision. If professional autonomy of physiotherapists in Greece is to move forward, these issues need to be acknowledged by governmental and professional bodies, as therapists can not be expected to undertake this journey alone. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Executive function and the frontal lobes: Themes for child development, brain insult and rehabilitation

Hitting a moving target: Basic mechanisms of recovery from acquired developmental brain injury

Factors influencing frontal cortex development and recovery from early frontal injury

Healthy and abnormal development of the prefrontal cortex

Cerebral plasticity and recovery of function after childhood prefrontal cortex damage

Visual-spatial functioning as an early indicator of socioemotional difficulties

The relation of cognitive control to social outcome after paediatric TBI: Implications for intervention

Mild traumatic brain injury and executive functions in school-aged children

Further validation of the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP)

Executive skills and their functional implications: Approaches to rehabilitation after childhood TBI

Rehabilitation of executive skills post-childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI): A pilot intervention study

Apprenticeship in self-regulation: Supports and interventions for individuals with self-regulatory impairments

Should we empower the family?

Persons with mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease use verbal-instruction technology to manage daily activities: Effects on performance and mood

Children's reports of activity and participation after sustaining a spinal cord injury: A cognitive interviewing study

Observed behaviours of pre-term children in a social play situation with classroom peers

Memory strategy development in children with foetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Evaluation of an adaptive ice skating programme for children with disabilities

Virtual reality in paediatric rehabilitation: A review

A review of the verbal and visual memory impairments in children with foetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Some literary accounts of possible childhood paraplegia and neurorehabilitation

Cri-du-chat

Stereotypies and repetitive/restrictive behaviours in infants with autism and pervasive developmental disorder

Management of spasticity and dystonia in children with acquired brain injury with rehabilitation and botulinum toxin A

Screening for motor deficits using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) in children with language impairment

Cyberbullying among students with intellectual and developmental disability in special education settings

Social and communication behaviours in infants and toddlers with autism and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified

Development and evaluation of a minimum data set for children with airway support for transfers between acute and post-acute care

A comparison between traditional economical and demand curve analyses of relative reinforcer efficacy in the validation of preference assessment predictions

Reducing acute stress in a 16-year old using trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing

KID syndrome patient with toe walking: A case report

Does the ASD label have validity?

The use of electropalatography (EPG) in the assessment and treatment of motor speech disorders in children with Down's syndrome: Evidence from two case studies

Assessment of executive functioning in children after TBI with a naturalistic open-ended task: A pilot study

Upper limb orthoses and assistive technology utilization in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy recruited from a population register

Balance abilities and gait characteristics in post-traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy and typically developed children

Speech-language performance in Sjögren-Larsson syndrome

Self-report measures of physical function for children with spinal cord injury: A review of current tools and an option for the future

A personal account of the rehabilitation system in Japan

Field trial of ICF version for children and youth (ICF-CY) in Sweden: Logical coherence, developmental issues and clinical use

Predicting social and functional outcomes for individuals sustaining paediatric traumatic brain injury

Technology-based intervention options for post-coma persons with minimally conscious state and pervasive motor disabilities

Virtual enriched environments in paediatric neuropsychological rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury: Feasibility, benefits and challenges

Virtual reality-based paediatric interactive therapy system (PITS) for improvement of arm and hand function in children with motor impairment—a pilot study

Traumatic brain injury in childhood: Rehabilitation considerations

The WeeFIM [R] instrument-A paediatric measure of functional independence to predict longitudinal recovery of paediatric burn patients

A comparison of challenges faced by parents of children with ABI with and without access to third party funding

Outpatient evaluation of vision and ocular motricity in 123 children with cerebral palsy

A great American psychiatrist reconsidered Commentary on “Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of Cerebral Trauma in Children”, by Edward A Strecker and Franklin G Ebaugh

Book review

Transversus abdominis: Changes in thickness during the unsupported upper limb exercise test in older adults

Exploration of patients' perspectives of quality within an extended scope physiotherapists' spinal screening service

Bridging the gap between theory and practice: Dynamic systems theory as a framework for understanding and promoting recovery of function in children and youth with acquired brain injuries

Pilot study assessing balance in women with fibromyalgia syndrome

Feasibility and impact of a structured, exercise-based rehabilitation programme for intensive care survivors

Reliability and minimal detectable change of inclinometric shoulder mobility measurements

Manuscript Reviewers

Effects of strengthening and stretching exercises applied during working hours on pain and physical impairment in workers with subacromial impingement syndrome

Obstacles to the implementation of evidence-based physiotherapy in practice: A focus group-based study in Belgium (Flanders)

Procedure-related chronic pain after thoracoabdominal resection of the esophagus

On what patients does the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia fit?

Intertrial and test-retest reliabilities of Timed Bridge tests among frail older adults

Regression equations to predict 6-minute walk distance in middle-aged and elderly adults

Editorial - Special Issue “Physical Therapy Practice in the 21st Century: A New Evidence-Informed Paradigm and Implications”

Foreword from the Special Issue Editor

Physical therapy in the 21st century (Part I): Toward practice informed by epidemiology and the crisis of lifestyle conditions

Physical therapy in the 21st century (Part II): Evidence-based practice within the context of evidence-informed practice

Advice as a smoking cessation strategy: A systematic review and implications for physical therapists

Strategies for optimizing nutrition and weight reduction in physical therapy practice: The evidence

Building motivation and sustainability into the prescription and recommendations for physical activity and exercise therapy: The evidence

Sleep health and its assessment and management in physical therapy practice: The evidence

Psychological stress measure (PSM-9): Integration of an evidence-based approach to assessment, monitoring, and evaluation of stress in physical therapy practice

Telephone focus groups in physiotherapy research: Potential uses and recommendations

Centralization of symptoms and lumbar range of motion in patients with low back pain

Learning physiotherapy in clinical practice: Student interaction in a professional context

A national study of the availability and use of electrophysical agents by Australian physiotherapists

Static progressive splinting to improve wrist stiffness after distal radius fracture: A prospective, case series study

A return to running program for the postpartum client: A case report

Pole walking for patients with breast cancer-related arm lymphedema

Effects of hippotherapy on people with cerebral palsy from the users' perspective: A qualitative study

A grounded-theory investigation of patient education in physical therapy practice

Effect of Maitland mobilization and exercises for the treatment of shoulder adhesive capsulitis: A single-case design

Intrasession reliability and influence of breathing during clinical assessment of lumbar spine postural control

Atypical suboccipital vertebral artery blood flow in healthy subjects: Case studies using real-time ultrasound

An evaluation of two different exercise regimes during the first year following stroke: A randomised controlled trial

Can vastus medialis oblique be preferentially activated? A systematic review of electromyographic studies

Exploring aftercare programs following outpatient musculoskeletal physical therapy: A case series report

Validity and reliability of the muscle function scale, aimed to assess the lateral flexors of the neck in infants

Assessment of sitting balance of patients with stroke undergoing inpatient rehabilitation

Effects of age on passive range of motion of selected peripheral joints in healthy adult females

Physical therapists' perspectives on practice errors in geriatric, neurologic, or orthopedic clinical settings

Quality of life of stroke survivors and apparently healthy individuals in southwestern Nigeria

Effectiveness of pulsed electrical stimulation in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee: Three case reports

Interobserver reproducibility of the Berg Balance Scale by novice and experienced physiotherapists

Management of sacroiliac dysfunction and lower extremity lymphedema using a comprehensive treatment approach: A case report

Management of a female with chronic sciatica and low back pain: A case report

After-hour physiotherapy services in a tertiary general hospital

Philosophy of science and physiotherapy: An insight into practice

Further arguments in support of a social humanistic perspective in physiotherapy versus the biomedical model