Gourt > Health > Medicine > Medical Specialties > Ophthalmology (86)
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine which deals with the diseases of the eye and their treatment. The word ophthalmology comes from the Greek roots ophthalmos meaning eye and logos meaning word; ophthalmology literally means "The science of eyes." As a discipline it applies to animal eyes also, since the differences from human practice are surprisingly minor and are related mainly to differences in anatomy or prevalence, not differences in disease processes. By convention the term ophthalmologist is more restricted and implies a medically trained specialist. Since ophthalmologists perform operations on eyes, they are generally categorized as surgeons.
History of ophthalmology
The eye, including its structure and mechanism, has fascinated scientists and the public in general since ancient times. The discovery of the eye went through two cycles of limiting speculation and freeing observation, which led to a dark age between Galen and Vesalius.
Arab scientists are some of the earliest to have written about and drawn the anatomy of the eye—the earliest known diagram being in Hunain ibn Is-hâq's Book of the Ten Treatises on the Eye. Earlier manuscripts exist which refer to diagrams which are not known to have survived. Current knowledge of the Græco-Roman understanding of the eye is limited, as many manuscripts lacked diagrams. In fact, there are very few Græco-Roman diagrams of the eye still in existence. Thus, it is not clear to which structures the texts refer, and what purpose they were thought to have.
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Join a dedicated team looking for a partner. The groups founder will be retiring soon and they would like to bring on someone who has aspirations to become a partner after 2 years. The group has a
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Archives of Ophthalmology current issue
About This Journal [About This Journal]
Prediction of Functional Loss in Glaucoma From Progressive Optic Disc Damage [Clinical Sciences]
Medeiros, F. A., Alencar, L. M., Zangwill, L. M., Bowd, C., Sample, P. A., Weinreb, R. N. Objective To evaluate the ability of progressive optic disc damage detected by assessment of longitudinal stereophotographs to predict future development of functional loss in those with suspected glaucoma. Methods The study included 639 eyes of 407 patients with suspected glaucoma followed up for an average of 8.0 years with annual standard automated perimetry visual field and optic disc stereophotographs. All patients had normal and reliable standard automated perimetry results at baseline. Conversion to glaucoma was defined as development of 3 consecutive abnormal visual fields during follow-up. Presence of progressive optic disc damage was evaluated by grading longitudinally acquired simultaneous stereophotographs. Other predictive factors included age, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, pattern standard deviation, and baseline stereophotograph grading. Hazard ratios for predicting visual field loss were obtained by extended Cox models, with optic disc progression as a time-dependent covariate. Predictive accuracy was evaluated using a modified R2 index. Results Progressive optic disc damage had a hazard ratio of 25.8 (95% confidence interval, 16.0-41.7) and was the most important risk factor for development of visual field loss with an R2 of 79%. The R2s for other predictive factors ranged from 6% to 26%. Conclusions Presence of progressive optic disc damage on stereophotographs was a highly predictive factor for future development of functional loss in glaucoma. These findings suggest the importance of careful monitoring of the optic disc appearance and a potential role for longitudinal assessment of the optic disc as an end point in clinical trials and as a reference for evaluation of diagnostic tests in glaucoma.
Intraoperative and Postoperative Effects of Corneal Collagen Cross-linking on Progressive Keratoconus [Clinical Sciences]
Vinciguerra, P., Albe, E., Trazza, S., Seiler, T., Epstein, D. Objectives To report intraoperative and 24-month refractive, topographic, tomographic, and aberrometric outcomes after corneal collagen cross-linking in progressive advanced keratoconus. Methods Prospective, nonrandomized single-center clinical study involving 28 eyes. Main outcome measures included uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuities, sphere and cylinder refraction, topography, tomography, aberrometry, and endothelial cell count evaluated at baseline and follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment. Topography was also recorded intraoperatively. Results Two years after treatment, mean baseline uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuities improved significantly (P = .048 and <.001, respectively) and mean spherical equivalent refraction decreased significantly (P = .03). Mean baseline flattest and steepest meridians on simulated keratometry, simulated keratometry average, mean average pupillary power, and apical keratometry all decreased significantly (P < .03). Deterioration of the Klyce indices was observed in the untreated contralateral eyes but not in treated eyes. Total corneal wavefront aberrations Z0 (piston), Z2 (defocus), and Z7 (III coma) decreased significantly (P ≤ .046). Mean 12-month baseline pupil center pachymetry and total corneal volume decreased significantly (P = .045). Endothelial cell counts did not change significantly (P = .13). Conclusions Two years postoperatively, corneal collagen cross-linking appears to be effective in improving uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuities in eyes with progressive keratoconus by significantly reducing corneal average pupillary power, apical keratometry, and total corneal wavefront aberrations.
AgingEye Times - Current information on aging eye diseases like cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration and dry eyes.
Meta Description: [ Aging Eye Journal that provides cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration, dry eyes and presbyopia related information, including signs, symptoms, treatment, surgery, clinical trials and research ]
Anatomy of an Eye - A basic description of the various major parts of the eye along with an illustrated diagram. From the Suranaree Institute of Technology, Thailand.
Atlas of Ophthalmology - Online multimedia database of ophthalmological pictures edited by professionals.
Meta Description: [ The Online Atlas of Ophthalmology is the biggest database with high-quality, peer-reviewed and commented pictures on the entire Internet. It is accessible for free - in English, Spanish and German. ]
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Catalogue of Ophthalmic Images - Over 5000 images in more than 250 categories.
Eye Atlas - Online collection of ophthalmological images.
Eye Care Source - Information on eye care, vision correction, eye diseases, and education.
Meta Description: [ A consumer guide to eye care, vision correction, contact lenses, and more. ]
Eye Casualty - Provide information on common eye emergencies.
Meta Description: [ Referral to the Eye Casualty in Oxford Eye Hospital Eye Casualty, UK ]
Eyeweb.org - Online atlas of ophthalmology, manual for physicians and medical students, case presentations, journal watch, quizzes and patient information.
Meta Description: [ Eyeweb.org homepage ]
Family Practice Notebook - Opthalmology - Comprehensive database of ophthalmological disorders.
Meta Description: [ Contains Anterior, Conjunctival Disorders, Corneal Disorders, Examination, Glaucoma, Injury, Lacrimal, Lens, Lid, Pupil, Retina, Sclera, Symptom Evaluation and Vision. Related chapters from other specialties include Cardiovascular, Hematology and Oncology, Neurology, Pediatrics, Pharmacology, Pr... ]
Foto-Web Ophthalmic Images - An educational collection of images of interest to ophthalmology specialists. Provided by Alcon.
General Practice Notebook - Ophthalmology - Coverage of this medical speciality.
Medscape: Ophthalmology - Features peer-reviewed, full-text articles, images and CME programs for physicians and medical professionals as well as interested consumers.
Meta Description: [ Medscape Ophthalmology is a free resource for Physicians, featuring Free Ophthalmology CME (Continuing Medical Education), Ophthalmology medical journal articles, MEDLINE, Ophthalmology medical news, major Ophthalmology conference coverage, and comprehensive drug information. ]
Ocellus - Directory of eye diseases, conditions and general ophthalmology, searchable by keyword and category.
Meta Description: [ Ocellus, a directory of eye diseases, dystrophies, and conditions, searchable by category. ]
Ophthalmology Jobs - Physician jobs for all specialties throughout North America.
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Ophthalmology Image Gallery - The Ophthalmology Image Gallery features over 500 photos, diagrams and graphics of the eye, examples of eye disorders.
Ophthalmology jobs - Ophthalmology jobs are listed at Physician Employment. You may register to
be automatically updated when new jobs are listed.
Ophthalmology Resource Center - Virtual community for ophthalmologists. Forums for speciality discussions.
Ophthalmoweb - Directory of Internet resources for ophthalmologists.
Meta Description: [ Ophthalmoweb, Your professional ophthalmological website Ophthalmoweb, su sitio profesional de Oftalmología en la red All resources for ophthalmologists in Internet: medline, bibliography, meetings, images, statistics, article tools, web creation, news, professional links, e mail, pharma... ]
Ophthalworld.com - Directory of ophthalmology related resources.
Meta Description: [ An integrated Ophthalmology Website of use to the Ophthalmic community ]
Ophthoguide - Ophthalmology search engine and custom medline searching.
OphthoLinx - Aggregates the current professional news and research from premier medical and healthcare journals and news sources.
Meta Description: [ Ophthalmologists keep current with free medical news and daily newsletters. OphthoLinx and MDLinx aggregates the most current medical journal news and research from premier medical and healthcare journals and news sources. Comprehensive, specialized content updated every day on the web and in e... ]
Preserving the Miracle of Sight: Lasers and Eye Surgery - A brief article describing how two streams of basic research intersected in the early 1960s to produce a revolution in ophthalmology.
Vision Rx - Offers online clinical-grade vision tests, eye care products and services and physician locator.
Windsor Eye Course - The Prince Charles Eye Unit runs a fellowship course for ophthalmologists preparing for the Final Fellowship examination.
Meta Description: [ exams for MRCOphth, ophthalmology examination in UK, eye exams, examination, examinations, diagnostic tests ]
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World of Ophthalmology - Information about ophthalmic journals, meetings with a database of images. By Dr. Victor Zamyatin.
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Xalatan.com: Image Library - Features photos, diagrams, and graphics of the eye.
Ophthalmology Job RSS feeds - All Physician Job RSS feeds: States with Ophthalmology Employment
Opportunities
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