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<dc:date>2010-02-05T23:14+14:00
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<title>The emerging potential of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in the treatment of breast cancer</title>
<link>http://journals.lww.com/co-obgyn/Fulltext/2010/02000/The_emerging_potential_of_poly_ADP_ribose_.13.aspx</link>
<description><![CDATA[Purpose of review: The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) represents an important novel target in cancer therapy. It is essential for the repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base excision repair pathway. Inhibitors of PARP-1 were first developed as chemosensitizers. However, preclinical data suggest that PARP inhibitors can act as single agents to selectively kill cancers with BRCA (breast cancer associated) 1 or 2 mutations and cancers harbouring defects in other DNA repair proteins. Why PARP inhibitors are synthetically lethal to certain tumours and the specific role this class of drugs may play in the treatment of breast cancer is reviewed.
Recent findings: Phase I clinical trial results confirm that PARP inhibitors have single agent activity in cancers with BRCA 1/2 mutations. Phase II data also suggest a benefit in combination with chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancers without an increase in normal tissue toxicity.
Summary: There are currently eight PARP inhibitors in clinical trial development worldwide. Data from early clinical trials suggest a role in the treatment of BRCA-related and triple-negative breast cancer. A wider role for this class of drug in breast cancer is proposed; however, as little is known about the long-term effects of these drugs, we should proceed with caution and await results of the ongoing clinical trials.
(C) 2010 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.]]></description>
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<item rdf:about="http://journals.lww.com/co-obgyn/Fulltext/2010/02000/Use_of_monoclonal_antibodies_in_the_treatment_of.3.aspx">
<title>Use of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of ovarian cancer</title>
<link>http://journals.lww.com/co-obgyn/Fulltext/2010/02000/Use_of_monoclonal_antibodies_in_the_treatment_of.3.aspx</link>
<description><![CDATA[Purpose of review: Despite the recent progress in its management, including surgery and chemotherapy, ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy. One of the promising approaches that may improve patient outcome is the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).
Recent findings: Based on the promising results of preclinical studies, various mAbs are currently being evaluated in patients with ovarian cancer. Some of them have already demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes in phase I/II studies and are being investigated further in randomized controlled studies. This review provides information on the mAbs that have been studied in ovarian cancer.
Summary: As mAbs selectively target tumor cells expressing tumor-associated antigens, mAb-based therapy may offer potential benefits such as avoiding the cytotoxic side effects on normal tissue seen with traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Although previous clinical studies have demonstrated minimal side effects of mAbs, in contrast to treatments for hematological malignancies and certain solid malignancies such as breast or colorectal cancer, mAb-based therapy has not been convincingly proven to be clinically effective in patients with ovarian cancer. As the preclinically demonstrated potential of mAb is encouraging, further investigations are needed to establish a more effective, specific, and less toxic treatment strategy for ovarian cancer.
(C) 2010 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.]]></description>
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