Gastroenterology or gastrology is the medical specialty concerned with digestive diseases. Traditionally, these are separated by anatomic or functional category. For example, disorders of the esophagus might be listed under "esophagus" and also included in a description of motility disorders (disorders of motor function.) Diseases of the liver fall under the branch of hepatology, which is traditionally classified under the umbrella of gastroenterology.

List of signs and symptoms of gastroenterological diseases:

• constipation
• diarrhea
• vomiting
• nausea
• abdominal pain

List of research fields in Gastroenterology:

• Neurogastroenterology
• Motility

More on [ Gastroenterology ]

All Gastroenterology Jobs

Government: Great job for a Gastroenterologist in West Virginia. Within minutes of Washington D.C. :: West Virginia :: CompHealth Inc
Job 0322164-0298 Any active state license Inpatient consults, Outpatient clinic, and procedures NPI, BLS and ACLS required Board Certified/Board Eligible Monday-Saturday, 8-12 hours/day. Will work
North East Mississippi needs a Gastroenterologist for a start up solo opportunity with full support :: Mississippi :: CompHealth Inc
Job 919645 General Gastroenterology need in NE Mississippi close to Memphis Solo start up opportunity with full financial hospital support Build the practice your way Visa's accepted New facilities
Private Practice Group seeking 3rd Gastroenterology Physician located 1 hour from New York City :: New York :: CompHealth Inc
Job 919742 Private Multi specialty group seeking to hire their 3rd Gastroenterology physician. ERCP and EUS are strongly preferred. Procedures performed at the groups own procedure suite in their main

FeedNavigator - Journals - Gastroenterology

Erratum
Liver Transplantation / Terkko Wed, 25 Nov 2009 12:51:24 +0200

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Liver Transplantation / Terkko Wed, 25 Nov 2009 12:51:24 +0200

Erratum
Liver Transplantation / Terkko Wed, 25 Nov 2009 12:51:24 +0200

Erratum
Liver Transplantation / Terkko Wed, 25 Nov 2009 12:51:24 +0200

Reply: Clinically relevant differences in the model for end-stage liver disease and model for end-stage liver disease-sodium scores
Liver Transplantation / Terkko Wed, 25 Nov 2009 12:51:24 +0200

Clinically relevant differences in the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-sodium scores
Liver Transplantation / Terkko Wed, 25 Nov 2009 12:51:24 +0200


pubmed: 1542-3565

Anesthesia-Mediated Sedation for Advanced Endoscopic Procedures and Cardiopulmonary Complications: Of Mountains and Mole Hills.
Vargo JJ Related Articles Anesthesia-Mediated Sedation for Advanced Endoscopic Procedures and Cardiopulmonary Complications: Of Mountains and Mole Hills. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Nov 11; Authors: Vargo JJ PMID: 19913639 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Histologic Predictors of Fibrosis Progression in Liver Allografts in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection.
Meriden Z, Forde KA, Pasha TL, Hui JJ, Reddy KR, Furth EE, Wells RG Related Articles Histologic Predictors of Fibrosis Progression in Liver Allografts in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Nov 11; Authors: Meriden Z, Forde KA, Pasha TL, Hui JJ, Reddy KR, Furth EE, Wells RG BACKGROUND & AIMS:: Recurrent hepatitis C with ensuing fibrosis is the leading cause of liver allograft loss. We investigated whether histologic features in early post-transplant liver biopsies could predict the rate of fibrosis progression in this population. METHODS:: From 1999 to 2007, 476 liver transplants were performed for hepatitis C at our center. We reviewed all available post transplant biopsies for these patients; patients were categorized as rapid, intermediate, or slow fibrosers based on their METAVIR fibrosis score at 24 months. Stage F0 biopsies for rapid and slow fibrosers were analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically. RESULTS:: We identified 52 rapid fibrosers and 61 slow fibrosers in our cohort. There was a significant increase in the fibrosis progression rate in the group transplanted between 2003 to 2007 compared with 1999 to 2002. The course of fibrosis progression was determined early in the post-transplant period and the rate was constant. Rapid fibrosers had more hepatocyte apoptosis than slow fibrosers (P = 0.001) but no difference in hepatitis activity based on analysis of stage F0 biopsies. Rapid fibrosers also experienced more episodes of acute rejection following transplantation (P< 0.001). CK19 and vimentin expression on F0 stage biopsies could distinguish rapid from slow fibrosers (CK19: AUC 0.71, P = 0.0034; vimentin: P =0.0219). CONCLUSIONS:: CK19, vimentin, and hepatocellular apoptosis are promising early markers of rapid fibrosis progression in patients transplanted for hepatitis C. The rate of fibrosis progression is established early in the post-transplant period; this initial rate dictates long-term outcome. PMID: 19913638 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology - Issue - nature.com science feeds

Great (cultural) expectations
Stephen B. HanauerI consider myself to be quite fortunate. I enjoy being able to travel and observe different cultures. This has been the case since early in my professional career and doesn't apply to international travel alone. I recall excursions to various locations within the US—rural and
Celiac disease: Progress towards noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up
Natalie J. Wood Celiac disease: Progress towards noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 6, 625 (2009). doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.174 Author: Natalie J. Wood
IBS: Soluble fiber benefits patients with IBS
Rachel Jones IBS: Soluble fiber benefits patients with IBS Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 6, 626 (2009). doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.170 Author: Rachel Jones

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

The path to Crohn's disease: Is mucosal pathology a secondary event?
Marcel A. Behr Wed, 18 Nov 2009 14:14:00 -0000
Current models of Crohn's disease (CD) invoke an initial disturbance of the epithelial interface between the gut mucosa and intestinal microbiota. This "outside-in" paradigm, mirroring the pathophysiology of acute gastroenteritis, suggests that mucosal damage by luminal bacteria is an early, initiating factor in the etiopathogenesis of disease. However, a number of features of CD argue against a primary mucosal process, including phenotypic studies of CD patients that point to a macrophage defect and genetic studies that predict impaired innate immunity to intracellular bacteria. Intracellular pathogens, such as Listeria, Salmonella, and Mycobacteria, invade via the gastrointestinal tract with minimal or no acute mucosal pathology. These organisms then infect and persist in lymphatic tissues before inducing pathology, in the gut or elsewhere, as a secondary process. In a disease resulting from impaired macrophage responses to intracellular pathogens, mucosal damage could instead represent a terminal event in the pathogenesis of disease. Such an "inside-out" model is also compatible with observations on postoperative disease relapses where subepithelial pathology precedes ulceration. This alternative disease paradigm suggests that clinical and experimental research efforts should be directed at deeper processes in the gut wall and attached mesentery to understand how intracellular bacteria could initiate or exacerbate this chronic inflammatory disease. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010)
Ulcerative colitis in northern Portugal and Galicia in Spain
Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta, Fernando Magro, Daniel Carpio, Paula Lago, Ana Echarri, José Cotter, Santos Pereira, Raquel Gonçalves, Aurelio Lorenzo, Laura Carvalho, Javier Castro, Luisa Barros, Jorge Amil Dias, Susana Rodrigues, Francisco Portela, Camila Dias, Altamiro da Costa-Pereira Wed, 18 Nov 2009 14:14:00 -0000
Clinical and therapeutic patterns of ulcerative colitis (UC) are variable in different world regions. The purpose of this study was to examine two close independent southern European UC populations from 2 bordering countries and observe how demographic and clinical characteristics of patients can influence the severity of UC.A cross-sectional study was conducted during a 15-month period (September 2005 to December 2006) based on data of 2 Web registries of UC patients. Patients were stratified according to the Montreal Classification and disease severity was defined by the type of treatment taken.A total of 1549 UC patients were included, 1008 (65%) from northern Portugal and 541 (35%) from Galicia (northwest Spain). A female predominance (57%) was observed in Portuguese patients (P < 0.001). The median age at diagnosis was 35 years and median years of disease was 7. The majority of patients (53%) were treated only with mesalamine, while 15% had taken immunosuppressant drugs, and 3% biologic treatment. Most patients in both groups were not at risk for aggressive therapy. Extensive colitis was a predictive risk factor for immunosuppression in northern Portugal and Galicia (odds ratio [OR] 2.737, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.846-4.058; OR 5.799, 95% CI: 3.433-9.795, respectively) and biologic treatment in Galicia (OR 6.329, 95% CI: 2.641-15.166). Younger patients presented a severe course at onset with more frequent use of immunosuppressors in both countries.In a large population of UC patients from two independent southern European countries, most patients did not require aggressive therapy, but extensive colitis was a clear risk factor for more severe disease. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010)
Subepithelial dendritic B cells in orofacial granulomatosis
Pritash Patel, Francesca Barone, Carlo Nunes, Laurent Boursier, Edward Odell, Michael Escudier, Stephen Challacombe, Jonathan Brostoff, Jo Spencer, Jeremy Sanderson Wed, 18 Nov 2009 14:14:00 -0000
Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is a chronic, disfiguring, granulomatous inflammation of the lips and oral mucosa. The pathogenesis is unknown, but it has been linked previously to Crohn's disease (CD) and more recently to dietary sensitivity. The oral mucosa is an immunologically responsive site associated with the generation of protective mucosal and systemic immune responses to vaccination and also hyperresponsiveness to allergens in some individuals. Classically, immune responses in oral mucosa are considered to be mediated by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), secondary lymphoid follicles that are intimately associated with epithelia.Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the inflammatory infiltrate in OFG and control tissue samples. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloning of PCR products, and sequencing were used to characterize the local immunoglobulin gene profile in OFG.We describe large, active, dendritic B cells in oral mucosa that were not associated with any organized lymphoid tissues in the local subepithelial microenvironment. They express activation induced cytidine deaminase, which is essential for immunoglobulin gene diversification by somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination. IgE is also expressed by these B cells. They do not align with any other previously described B-cell subset in secondary lymphoid tissues in terms of morphology, proliferative activity, or phenotype.These subepithelial dendritic B cells may contribute to the immune responsiveness of the oral mucosa, including IgE-mediated allergic responses. In patients with OFG, further understanding of the role these cells play in oral immunity may lead to novel therapeutic possibilities. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010)

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