Pathology (from Greek pathos, feeling, pain, suffering; and logos, study of; see also -ology) is the study of the processes underlying disease and other forms of illness, harmful abnormality, or dysfunction. Within biology but also a branch of medicine, it means specifically the study and diagnosis of the structural and functional changes in cells, tissues and organs that underlie disease. Pathology as a field of knowledge hence forms the basis of the scientific reasoning behind the practice of medicine.

Scope of pathology

---

The primary goal of pathology is the study of the four main aspects of a disease:

• Etiology: what causes the disease
• Pathogenesis: the mechanism by which a certain etiological factor causes disease
• Morphologic changes: the structural changes induced in the cells, tissues and organs
• Clinical significance: the functional consequences of the morphologic changes

Pathologists' work

---

Pathologists are physicians whose residency varies from 3-4 years followed by fellowship training for most. Because the public rarely meets pathologists, their work is not well understood. Pathology is a large and diverse field that allows a pathologist to participate in multiple areas of the field or focus their scope to a specific area. Essential to everyday surgeries, pathologists are responsible for processing and reporting on all specimens generated during a given surgery. Tissue samples are taken from the submitted specimens, stained, and processed for microscopic evaluation. Microscopic examination searches for disease of any type and this information is returned to the surgeon via a pathology report. Pathologists are also responsible for laboratory specimens. They, along with medical technologists, process specimens at medical laboratories for interpretations. In other words, patients should know that what their doctor calls a "laboratory result" is not a number generated by a black box. Instead, it is the interpretation of the value by a pathologist or a technologist. It is also important to understand that a different laboratory might produce a different value on the same specimen. Pathologists are also called upon to perform autopsies. Autopsies represent less than 5% of the workload of a typical modern pathologist. There exists a subspecialty in pathology that allows for the training of medical examiners who wish to pursue forensics.

More on [ Pathology ]

BBC News | Health | World Edition

Self-help 'makes you feel worse'
Fri, 03 Jul 2009 23:06:55 -0000
Bridget Jones is not alone in turning to self-help mantras to boost her spirits, but a study warns they may have the opposite effect.
WHO warns swine flu 'unstoppable'
Fri, 03 Jul 2009 03:00:11 -0000
The UN's top health official tells a swine flu forum in Mexico that the spread of the virus worldwide is now unstoppable.
Solo life ups gene dementia risk
Thu, 02 Jul 2009 23:25:24 -0000
People who have a gene flaw and live alone in middle-age are at highest risk of developing dementia, a study suggests.
Flu risk for indigenous peoples
Fri, 03 Jul 2009 09:03:27 -0000
Indigenous peoples, such as Aborigines and Native Americans, have a higher risk from swine flu, experts warn.
Four pints 'increase health risk'
Thu, 02 Jul 2009 10:01:55 -0000
Men who drink four pints of beer a week could be increasing their lifetime risk of needing hospital treatment, a study says.
Warning over fake Tamiflu sales
Fri, 03 Jul 2009 07:25:56 -0000
People should not buy anti-flu drug Tamiflu over the internet without a prescription, experts warn.

NYT > Health

Patient Money: For a Frugal Dieter, Weight Loss on a Sliding Scale
By LESLEY ALDERMAN Sat, 04 Jul 2009 05:42:07 -0000
A dieter’s commitment to weight loss can sometimes be linked to how much money he or she is willing to spend.
Global Update: Tuberculosis: TB Vaccine Too Dangerous for Babies With AIDS Virus, Study Says
By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr. Sat, 04 Jul 2009 04:40:26 -0000
A common tuberculosis vaccine is too risky to give to those born infected with the AIDS virus, says a new study published by the World Health Organization.

CNN.com - Health

Police: Hospital worker swiped shots, spread hep C
Fri, 03 Jul 2009 18:18:42 -0400
A former hospital employee may have exposed hundreds or thousands of surgical patients to hepatitis C when she replaced clean needles filled with the powerful painkiller fentanyl with her own dirty needles filled with saline solution.

Subscribe to Medicine RSS feed