Osteomalacia (pronounced ), known as rickets in children, where the epiphyseal growth plates are yet to seal (taken from the Greek word (rhákis), meaning "spine"), is a disorder most commonly caused by vitamin D deficiency. This results in insufficient calcium uptake by bones in developing children. It can also arise, however, from other etiologies such as rare mesenchymal tumors or any phosphate-wasting disease. Because calcium is an essential nutrient which aids in bone rigidity, the lack of it being absorbed into the body causes fragile or malformed bones, which are unable to support the weight of a growing body. Calcium or phosphorus deficiency in children is termed rickets, while that of adults is termed osteomalacia.

Although osteomalacia can occur in adults, the majority of cases occur in children with poor nutrient intake usually resulting from famine or starvation during early stages of childhood.

Manifestations of disease

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Rickets causes bone pain, slowed growth in children, dental problems, muscle loss and increased risk of fractures (easily broken bones). Medical problems seen in children with rickets are

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