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Turner syndrome encompasses a number of chromosomal abnormalities, of which monosomy X, is the most common. It occurs in 1 out of every 2,500 female births. Instead of the normal XX sex chromosomes for a female, only one X chromosome is present and fully functional. This is called 45,X or 45,X0, although other genetic variants occur. In Turner syndrome, female sexual characteristics are present but underdeveloped.

Symptoms


Common symptoms of Turner syndrome include:
  • Short stature
  • Lymphoedema (swelling) of the hands and feet
  • Broad chest (shield chest) and widely-spaced nipples
  • Low hairline
  • Low-set ears
  • Reproductive sterility
  • Amenorrhea

Other symptoms include a small lower jaw, cubitus valgus (turned-out elbows), a webbed neck, and soft, upturned nails. Less common are pigmented moles, schizophrenia, hearing loss, and a high-arch palate. Turner syndrome manifests itself differently in each female affected by the condition, and no two individuals will share the same symptoms.

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404 National Library of Medicine - Offers synonyms for Turner syndrome, a summary and a list of major features.

NORD - Turner Syndrome - Offers alternative names, a general discussion and further resources.
Meta Description: [ National Organization for Rare Disorders is dedicated to helping people with rare, orphan diseases. Rarediseases.org contains information on the prevention, treatment and cure of rare diseases. ]

Pediatric Oncall - Information about approach to a child with Turner's syndrome.
Meta Description: [ What is Turner's syndrome? Information about approach to a child with Turner's syndrome at www.pediatriconcall.com ]

The National University Hospital Turner Support Group - For patients with Turner Syndrome and their families, combined with the pharmaceutical company Serono Singapore Pte. Ltd. to co-organise biannual meetings and parties for the group.

The Turner's Syndrome Society of the US - Learn about this disease, find medical information, order publications, share experiences, see some TS kids, and get screening information for TS.

Turner Syndrome - A site prepared by the family of a young girl with TS. Includes her story, information about the syndrome and its treatment, FAQs, photos and links. [English, Turkish]
Meta Description: [ Turner sendromlu kızları olan bir aile tarafından yapılan bilgi,tanışma ve paylaşım sitesi ]

Turner Syndrome Clinical Trials - Explains the importance of participating in Turner Syndrome clinical trials and how even participants who take placebos contribute and benefit from volunteering.
Meta Description: [ turner-syndrome-clinical-trials.com ]

Turner Syndrome: Toward Early Recognition and Improved Outcomes - Detailed overview of this condition, including clinical features, genetics, diagnosis, defects and medical problems associated with the syndrome, and recommendations for treatment. Includes many photos. [Requires free registration.]

404 Turner's Syndrome Society, Texas - Providing links and information about Turner's Syndrome. Definition and Synonyms, FAQ, TSS Societies (National, State, and Local), Associated Links, Newsgroup discussions, Conference Information.
Meta Description: [ Turner's Syndrome Society (Texas). Providing links and information about Turner's Syndrome. Definition and Synonyms, FAQ, TSS Societies (National, State, and Local), Associated Links, Newsgroup discussions, Conference Information ]

Turners Syndrome Support - A personal site offering support and information.

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