Gourt > Health > Conditions and Diseases > Digestive Disorders > Liver > Hepatitis > Hepatitis B
- This article is about the hepatitis B virus. For the hydrology transport model see HBV hydrology model.
Molecular Biology
The hepatitis B virus is a member of the Hepadnavirus family. It consists of a proteinaceous core particle containing the viral genome in the form of double stranded DNA with single-stranded regions and an outer lipid-based envelope with embedded proteins. The envelope proteins are involved in viral binding and release into susceptible cells. The inner capsid relocates the DNA genome to the cell's nucleus where viral mRNAs are transcribed. Three subgenomic transcripts encoding the envelope proteins are made, along with a poorly understood transcript encoding the X protein, whose function is still under debate. A fourth pre-genomic RNA is transcribed, which is exported to the cytosol and translates the viral polymerase and core proteins. Polymerase and pre-genomic RNA are encapsidated in assembling core particles, where reverse transcription of the pre-genomic RNA to genomic DNA occurs by the polymerase protein. The mature core particle then exits the cell via normal secretory pathways, acquiring an envelope along the way.
Hepatitis B is one of a few known non-retroviral viruses which employ reverse transcription as part of its replication process. Other viruses which use reverse transcription include HTLV or HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, but HIV and hepatitis B are not related. Hepatitis B's genome is DNA, and reverse transcription is one of the latter steps in making new viral particles, whereas HIV has an RNA genome and reverse transcription is one of the first steps in replication.
More on [ Hepatitis B ]
@cynthialarson Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
JohnnyDelirious (Johnny Delirious) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 20:57:05 -0000
@cynthialarson Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
@pa5fn Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
JohnnyDelirious (Johnny Delirious) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 20:56:59 -0000
@pa5fn Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
@rxcareer Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
JohnnyDelirious (Johnny Delirious) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 20:56:44 -0000
@rxcareer Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
@momcat617 Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
JohnnyDelirious (Johnny Delirious) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 20:56:17 -0000
@momcat617 Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
@JohnTolmachoff Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
JohnnyDelirious (Johnny Delirious) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 20:56:06 -0000
@JohnTolmachoff Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
@clhmedia Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
JohnnyDelirious (Johnny Delirious) Fri, 06 Nov 2009 20:55:55 -0000
@clhmedia Hep a b c free no antibodies for over 15 years, no one has to die from Hepatitis C see my page www.johnnydelirious.com
eMedicine Health - Hepatitis B - Information on the causes, symptoms, and treatment. Includes exams and tests, follow-up, and prevention.
Meta Description: [ Hepatitis is a general term that means inflammation of the liver. The liver can become inflamed as a result of infection, a disorder of the immune system, or exposure to ... ]
Hepatitis B - Includes cause, symptoms and signs, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and prevention.
Hepatitis B Fact Sheet - Explains signs and symptoms, risk factors, vaccination, transmission, prevention, and treatments.
Hepatitis B Foundation - Provides information for patients, families, health professionals, and researchers. Includes educational material, news, support groups, and an expert speaker forum.
Meta Description: [ The Hepatitis B Foundation is a national non-profit organization dedicated to finding a cure and improving the quality of life of those affected by Hepatitis B worldwide, through research, education, and patient advocacy. ]
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) - Clinical paper on this disease includes statistics, acute and chronic infection, epidemiology, and vaccine history.
Meta Description: [ Hepatitis B: Disease, Acute Hepatitis B, Chronic HBV infection, Epidemiology, vaccination & vaccinal strategy. Viral hepatitis caused by a virus of the Hepadnaviridae family. HBV acute or chronic infection complications, cirrhosis, liver cancer. Hepatitis B vaccine, vaccination programmes. ]
MedicineNet: Hepatitis B - Information about acute and chronic symptoms, transmittal, treatment, prevention and occurrence with HIV.
Meta Description: [ Learn more about Hepatitis B, including a description of the virus, scope of the problem, how it causes liver injury, symptoms of acute hepatitis B, symptoms of chronic hepatitis B, diagnosis, role of liver biopsy, natural progression or course, medications, treatments, co-infections, and prevent... ]
MedlinePlus: Hepatitis B - Directory of articles, factsheets, and news.
Meta Description: [ Hepatitis B ]
Stop Hepatitis B - Pharmaceutical company-sponsored site provides information about this virus. Includes statistics, risk factors, getting tested, treatment, questions and answers.
Meta Description: [ Stop Hepatitis B, learn about hepatitis treatment, hepatitis testing, hepatitis statistics, and hepatitis risk ]
The Hepatitis B Story - This article explores the trail of research that led to the discovery of many of the viruses that cause this disease and to blood screening for and revolutionary vaccines against some of them.
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The Hepatitis B Virus Page - Providing information on the virus and related diseases. Includes general and molecular information, transmission, vaccinations, and treatments.
Meta Description: [ This is a growing web site dedicated to the Hepatitis B virus. ]
THINK B - Provides hepatitis B prevention, testing, and treatment information for Asian American patients, families, and health care professionals.
Meta Description: [ In-depth information about hepatitis B and liver disease among Asian Americans. This American Liver Foundation site offers hepatitis b diagnosis, prevention and treatment information for families and healthcare professionals. ]
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