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The esophagus (also spelled oesophagus/Å“sophagus), or gullet is the muscular tube in vertebrates through which ingested food passes from the mouth area to the stomach. The esophagus is continuous with the laryngeal part of the pharynx at the level of the C6 vertebra.
The esophagus is histologically broken down into 3 parts. The superior portion consists primarily of striated muscle. The middle portion consists of mixed striated and smooth muscle. The inferior 1/3 consists primarily of smooth muscle.
Food is passed through the esophagus by using the process of peristalsis. Specifically, in mammals, it connects the pharynx, which is the body cavity that is common to the digestive system and respiratory system behind the mouth (buccal cavity), with the stomach, where the second stage of digestion is initiated (the first stage of digestion is in the mouth, with teeth and tongue masticating food and mixing it with saliva).
More on [ Esophagus ]
Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Share Genetic Roots
Wed, 01 Jul 2009 15:45:00 -0400
A trio of genome-wide studies -- collectively the largest to date -- have pinpointed a vast array of genetic variation that cumulatively may account for at least one third of the genetic risk for schizophrenia. One of the studies traced schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, in part, to the same chromosomal neighborhoods.
Imaging Technique Allows Researchers to Monitor Protein Changes in Mouse Tumors
Wed, 01 Jul 2009 12:05:00 -0400
A new imaging technique can monitor, in living mice, the HER2 protein found in above-normal amounts in many cases of breast cancer as well as some ovarian, prostate and lung cancers. This new approach, once validated in mice and pending further experiments, could provide a real-time noninvasive method for identifying tumors in humans who express HER2 and who would be candidates for targeted therapy directed against this protein. It may also provide real-time information that will help clinicians optimize treatment for individual patients. The study, published in the July 2009 issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine, was conducted by researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, both parts of the National Institutes of Health.
Dynasty: Influenza Virus in 1918 and Today
Tue, 30 Jun 2009 09:10:00 -0400
The influenza virus that wreaked worldwide havoc in 1918-1919 founded a viral dynasty that persists to this day, according to scientists from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health. In an article published online on June 29 by the New England Journal of Medicine, authors Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., Jeffery K. Taubenberger, M.D., Ph.D., and David M. Morens, M.D., argue that we have lived in an influenza pandemic era since 1918, and they describe how the novel 2009 H1N1 virus now circling the globe is yet another manifestation of this enduring viral family.
CNN.com - Health
Police: Hospital worker swiped shots, spread hep C
Fri, 03 Jul 2009 18:18:42 -0400
A former hospital employee may have exposed hundreds or thousands of surgical patients to hepatitis C when she replaced clean needles filled with the powerful painkiller fentanyl with her own dirty needles filled with saline solution.
Health.com picks top beach, lake getaways
Fri, 03 Jul 2009 13:47:40 -0400
We know your summer vacation time is precious: You want to land where you can truly relax, breathe fresh air, get in some exercise and eat well -- without breaking the bank. That's why we teamed up with a panel of travel and health experts to help us find the healthiest of the nation's most popular beach and lake towns.
Achalasia - Introduction to this disorder, with symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, risks and the prognosis.
Achalasia - Find definition of this disorder and gives its causes, incidence and risk factors.
Barrett's Esophagus - Information and patient education material on this disease. Causes, diagnosis, symptoms, treatment, tips and the future are all discussed.
Barrett's Esophagus - This is a condition that develops in some people who have chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis). Information provided by the National Institutes of Health.
Meta Description: [ Barrett's esophagus is a condition that develops in some people who have chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis).
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Bleeding Esophageal Varices - Find information about this disorder and gives a definition, its causes, incidence and risk factors.
Diagnosis Health - Information and discussion concerning non-obstructive esophageal dysphagia or difficulty swallowing without actual narrowing or stricture of esophagus.
Meta Description: [ Information and discussion concerning non-obstructive esophageal dysphagia or difficulty in swallowing without any narrowing of structure or esophagus. ]
Disorders of Esophagus More Common In Older Adults - Article about the relationship between esophageal disease and age.
Meta Description: [ As a result of certain illnesses or general wear and tear on body systems, the esophagus can present a variety of disorders that tend to affect older Americans.
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Pre-Achalasia Spastic Esophagus and Stomach Problems - Personal site from a patient with this condition.
Seattle Barrett's Esophagus Program - A look at this disease, its symptoms, and possible complications.
Meta Description: [ Seattle Barrett's Esophagus Program description ]
Swallowing Disorders - University of Chicago - Information about various swallowing disorders for patients, physicians and other medical professionals.
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