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HIFU (high intensity focused ultrasound) (sometimes also HIFUS) is a highly precise procedure using high intensity, focused ultrasound to heat and destroy pathogenic tissue typically under computerized MRI guidance.
Overview
In HIFU therapy, ultrasound beams are focused on diseased tissue, and due to the significant energy deposition at the focus, temperature within the tissue rises to 85° to 100°C, destroying the diseased tissue by coagulation necrosis. Each "shot" of the beams treats a precisely defined portion of the targeted tissue. The entire therapeutic target is treated by moving the applicator on its robotic arm in order to juxtapose multiple shots, according to a protocol designed by the physician. This technology can achieve precise "ablation" of diseased tissue, therefore being called HIFU surgery. Because it destroys the diseased tissue non-invasively, it is also known as "Non-invasive HIFU surgery". Anesthesia is not required. The treatment can be combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
Guidance by MRI
Development of HIFU therapy has been greatly enhanced through the use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to guide and monitor the procedure. This therapy is more accurately called MRgFUS (MR guided Focused UltraSound).This therapy describes the clinical application of FUS (focused ultrasound) using a high-quality method of medical imaging to guide, monitor, and control the size and location of the therapeutic focal beam. Since FUS works by causing tissue coagulation, optimal control of the treatment can be achieved by monitoring and controlling the temperature. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used for both precise imaging and FUS targeting and real time monitoring of temperature making optimal use of these medical developments.
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