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Life extension refers to an increase in maximum or average lifespan, especially in humans, by slowing down or reversing the processes of aging. Average lifespan is determined by vulnerability to accidents and age-related afflictions such as cancer or cardiovascular disease. Extension of average lifespan can be achieved by good diet, exercise and avoidance of hazards such as smoking and excessive eating of sugar-containing foods. Maximum lifespan is determined by the rate of aging for a species inherent in its genetic code. Currently, the only widely recognized method of extending maximum lifespan is by calorie restriction with adequate nutrient supplementation. Theoretically, extension of maximum lifespan can be achieved by reducing the rate of aging damage, by periodic replacement of damaged tissues, or by molecular repair or (rejuvenation) of deteriorated cells and tissues.

Researchers of life extension are a subclass of biogerontologists known as "biomedical gerontologists". They seek to understand the nature of aging and they develop treatments to reverse aging processes or to at least slow them down, for the improvement of health and the maintenance of youthful vigor at every stage of life. (Biomedical gerontologists are distinguished from biogerontologists in that the latter only take an academic interest in the biological mechanisms of aging, without seeking a "cure".) Those who take advantage of life extension findings and seek to apply them upon themselves are called "life extensionists" or "longevists". The primary life extension strategy currently is to apply available anti-aging methods in the hope of living long enough to benefit from a complete cure to aging once it is developed, which given the rapidly advancing state of biogenetic and general medical technology, could conceivably occur within the lifetimes of people living today.

Many biomedical gerontologists and life extensionists believe that future breakthroughs in tissue rejuvenation with stem cells, organs replacement (with artificial organs or xenotransplantations) and molecular repair will eliminate all aging and disease as well as allow for complete rejuvenation to a youthful condition. Whether such breakthroughs can occur within the next few decades is impossible to predict. Many life extensionists make cryonics arrangements, they arrange to be cryonically preserved, upon legal death so that they can await the time when future medicine can eliminate disease, rejuvenate to a lasting youthful condition and repair damage caused by the cryonics process.

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The Lifelong Mortality Risks of World War II Experiences
Elder, G. H., Clipp, E. C., Brown, J. S., Martin, L. R., Friedman, H. S. Tue, 02 Jun 2009 00:00:00 -0000
In this longitudinal study of American veterans, the authors investigated the mortality risks of five World War II military experiences (e.g., combat exposure) and their variation among veterans in the postwar years. The male subjects (n = 854) were members of the Stanford-Terman study, and 38% served in World War II. Cox models (proportional-hazards regressions) were used to compare the relative mortality risk associated with each military experience. Overseas duty, service in the Pacific theater, and exposure to combat significantly increased the mortality risks of veterans in the study. Individual differences in education, mental health in 1950, and age at entry into the military, as well as personality factors, made no difference in these results. In conclusion, a gradient was observed such that active duty on the home front, followed by overseas duty, service in the Pacific, and combat exposure, markedly increased the risk for relatively early mortality. Potential linking mechanisms include heavy drinking.
Old-Age Wealth in Mexico: The Role of Reproductive, Human Capital, and Employment Decisions
Wong, R., DeGraff, D. S. Tue, 02 Jun 2009 00:00:00 -0000
The authors examined relationships between the wealth of older adults and their early-life decisions regarding investment in human capital, family formation, and work activities in Mexico, using the 2001 Mexican Health and Aging Study. The authors examined correlates of accumulated financial wealth by gender and across three age cohorts: 50 to 59, 60 to 69, and 70 years or older. The authors outline the changing context these cohorts experienced during their lifetimes; describe patterns of net financial worth by main covariates across groups defined by age, sex, and marital status; and present the results of multivariate models of net worth. Simulations were conducted to illustrate patterns of net worth associated with alternative scenarios depicting differing representative combinations of life-course characteristics by age cohort. The findings suggest that old-age financial wealth in Mexico is more closely associated with family formation and human capital decisions than with employment decisions over the lifetime.
Organizational Religious Behavior Among Older African Americans: Findings From the National Survey of American Life
Taylor, R. J., Chatters, L. M., McKeever Bullard, K., Wallace, J. M., Jackson, J. S. Tue, 02 Jun 2009 00:00:00 -0000
The authors used data from the older African American subsample of the National Survey of American Life (n = 837) to examine the sociodemographic and denominational correlates of organizational religious involvement among older African Americans. Six measures of organizational religious participation were used, including two measures of time allocation for organized religious pursuits. Significant gender, regional, marital status, and denominational differences in organizational religiosity were found. Of particular note, although older Black women generally displayed higher levels of religious participation, older Black men spent more hours per week in other activities at their places of worship. The findings are discussed in relation to prior work in the area of religious involvement among older adults. New directions for research on religious time allocation are outlined.

 
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1st Spot Longevity - Information and links to articles about longevity.
Meta Description: [ Longevity, long life, aging, life extension, immortality, and anti-aging medicine ]

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Meta Description: [ Provides a service for researchers and laymen to learn more about advances in the study of the aging process. ]

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Meta Description: [ ANTI-AGING GUIDE - INTERNATIONAL ANTI-AGING RESOURCES. ANTI-AGING DRUGS ]

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Meta Description: [ The AntiAging Information web site is an informational clearinghouse with product information, test results, reports, links and resources for people interested in all aspects of Anti-Aging. ]

AskMen.com - Tips for men on living longer.
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Meta Description: [ Promote calorie restriction with optimum or adequate nutrition lifestyles to increase human life spans and health ]

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MCW HealthLink: Aging - News and information about healthy aging from the Medical College of Wisconsin.
Meta Description: [ Medical College Physicians -- Southeastern Wisconsin's academic health care providers ]

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Meta Description: [ Reality based information and other tools, for the purpose of expanding life both in quality and quantity. ]

Put Old on Hold - Online magazine with articles about healthy lifestyle choices and productive longevity.
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Scientific American: The Serious Search for an Anti-Aging Pill - August 2002 article on many scientists' quest for a pill that can prevent aging.
Meta Description: [ In government laboratories and elsewhere, scientists are seeking a drug able to prolong life and youthful vigor. Studies of caloric restriction are showing the way ]

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